INTEGRASI HARGA DAGING SAPI DI PASAR DOMESTIK DAN INTERNASIONAL

Abstract

Permintaan daging sapi di Indonesia yang terus meningkat menyebabkan kesenjangan antara produksi dan konsumsi semakin melebar. Kelebihan permintaan tersebut dipenuhi oleh daging sapi impor yang menyebabkan harga daging sapi domestik mengikuti pergerakan harga daging sapi impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis integrasi pasar daging sapi Indonesia dan dunia (respon harga daging sapi domestik terhadap perubahan harga internasional/dunia). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data bulanan harga retail daging sapi di Indonesia dan harga daging sapi internasional (periode 2009-2013). Analisis data menggunakan model Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi integrasi antara harga daging sapi di pasar domestik dan dunia dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap stabilitas harga daging sapi Indonesia tergantung pada harga daging sapi di pasar dunia. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah melalui Kementerian Perdagangan perlu menerapkan kebijakan stabilitas harga daging sapi agar konsumen dapat menjangkau harga daging sapi yang terus meningkat serta produsen juga tidak dirugikan.

The increasing demand of beef in Indonesia has broadened the gaps between production and consumption. This excess demand is solved by importing beef which consequently makes the price of domestic beef follows the imported ones. This research aims to analyze the integration of beef market in Indonesia compared to the world market (as a response of domestic beef prices against the international/world price changes). The study used secondary data including the monthly retail price of beef in Indonesia and international beef prices during 2009-2013. Data analysis used was Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result shows that there is price integration between domestic beef market and the world market in the long and short run. It gives an implication to the stability of Indonesian beef price which depends heavily on the world market’s price. It is necessary that the government through the Ministry of Trade implement a policy of beef price stability so that the consumers will be able to purchase beef even the price keeps increasing and the producers will not lose the market.