KINERJA EKSPOR MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT INDONESIA

Tuti Ermawati; Yeni Saptia

doi:10.30908/bilp.v7i2.104

Tuti Ermawati LIPI
Yeni Saptia LIPI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v7i2.104

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Keywords: Daya Saing, Kinerja, Ekspor, Crude Palm Oil, Palm Kernel Oil, Competitiveness, Performance, Export

Abstract

Kajian ini menganalisis kinerja ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) Indonesia diantara negara-negara produsen kelapa sawit, dan kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO Indonesia ke beberapa negara tujuan ekspor utama. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah indeks Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Constant Market Share (CMS). Berdasarkan hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO Indonesia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Malaysia dan Thailand, tetapi sama dengan Colombia. Sementara hasil dari analisis CMS, kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO cenderung menurun dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan ekspor seluruh produk dunia. Disamping itu, parameter dari efek komposisi produk, efek distribusi pasar maupun efek daya saing, masih banyak yang bernilai negatif. Beberapa hal yang perlu dilakukan oleh pemerintah dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan kinerja ekspor baik CPO maupun PKO adalah kebijakan yang mendukung pengembangan ekspor CPO maupun PKO dengan mempertimbangkan daya saing hilirisasi industri sawit, peningkatan kualitas CPO dan PKO yang sesuai dengan standar negara yang menjadi tujuan ekspor.

The study analyzes the export performance of Indonesia’s Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) among palm oil producers and the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports in some major importing countries. The analytical methods used in this study are are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS) indices. Based on RCA analysis, the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports are lower than those of Malaysia and Thailand, but it is still similar to to Colombia. Meanwhile, the CMS analysis shows that the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports tend to decrease compared to export growth of all the world products. In spite of these performances, the parameters from the effect of product composition, market distribution and competitiveness are still negative. Several ways that the government should perform to increase the competitiveness and performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports are supporting policy to the development of CPO and PKO exports by considering the competitiveness of downstreaming palm oil industries, and improving the quality of them in compliance with the standard applied by the export destination countries.

Author Biographies

Tuti Ermawati, LIPI

Pusat Penelitian Ekonomi, LIPI

Yeni Saptia, LIPI

Pusat Penelitian Ekonomi, LIPI

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