MEMETAKAN KEBIJAKAN INTERNASIONALISASI UMKM INDONESIA

  • Luthfina Ariyani Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional
Keywords: UMKM, Internasionalisasi, Ekspor, Kebijakan, Dukungan Pemerintah

Abstract

Ringkasan Eksekutif

Analisis ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan berbagai alternatif kebijakan dalam mendukung internasionalisasi UMKM Indonesia melalui identifikasi dan perbandingan dengan kebijakan internasionalisasi UMKM di negara-negara Amerika Latin dan Asia Timur. Ulasan ini merekomendasikan empat alternatif kebijakan, yaitu 1) mendorong keterlibatan aktif UMKM dan mempertimbangkan tingkat internasionalisasi UMKM dalam penentuan program pengembangan kompetensi, 2) mendorong keterlibatan UMKM melalui ekspor tak langsung, 3) mengembangkan ekosistem yang mendukung keterlibatan UMKM dalam GVC, dan 4) melakukan kajian lanjutan terhadap kesiapan UMKM Indonesia terhadap OFDI.

Kata Kunci: UMKM, Internasionalisasi, Ekspor, Kebijakan, Dukungan Pemerintah

Executive Summary

This review aims to formulate policy alternatives to support internationalization of the Indonesian MSMEs through the identification and comparation of  policies on MSMEs internationalization among Latin America and East Asia countries. This study recommends four policy alternatives, namely 1) encouraging the active involvement of MSMEs and considering the level of MSMEs internationalization in developing competency development programs, 2) encouraging MSME involvement through indirect exports, 3) developing an ecosystem that supports MSMEs involvement in GVC, and 4) conducting further studies on the readiness of Indonesian MSMEs on OFDI.

Key Words: MSME, Internationalization, Export, Policy, Government Support

References

Abonyi, G. (2015), ‘Best Policy Practices for Internationalization of SMEs’ Trade and Investment for ASEAN and East Asia’, in Oum, S. P. Intarakumnerd, G. Abonyi and S. Kagami (eds.), Innovation, Technology Transfers, Finance, and Internationalization of SMEs’ Trade and Investment, ERIA Research Project Report FY2013, No.14.Jakarta: ERIA, pp.37-96.

Abrar-ul-haq, M., Razani, M., Jali, M., & Islam, G. N. (2015). Factors Affecting Small and Medium Enterprises ( SMES ) Development in Pakistan. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 15(4), 546–552. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2015.15.4.12572

Altnaa, U., Vasa, L., & Neszmélyi, G. I. (2021). The Role of Network Ties on SMEs Internationalization Process in the Developing Countries / Emerging Markets : International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 9(1), 274–291.

Awuah, G. B., & Amal, M. (2011). Impact of globalization: The ability of less developed countries’ (LDCs’) firms to cope with opportunities and challenges. European Business Review2, 23(1), 120–132. https://doi.org/10.1108/09555341111098026

Berry, A., Kim, W. H., Mah, J. S., Suh, J. H., & Urmeneta, R. (2018). Innovation and SME internationalization in Korea and Latin America and the Caribbean: Policy experiences and areas for cooperation. Santiago.

Bouazza, A. B., Ardjouman, D., & Abada, O. (2015). Establishing the Factors Affecting the Growth of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Algeria. American International Journal of Social Science, 4(2), 101–115.

Casprini, E., Dabic, M., Kotlar, J., & Pucci, T. (2020). A bibliometric analysis of family fi rm internationalization research : Current themes , theoretical roots , and ways forward. International Business Review, (January 2019), 101715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2020.101715

Dabic, M., Maley, J., Dana, L., Novak, I., & Pellegrini, M. M. (2020). Pathways of SME internationalization : a bibliometric and systematic review. SMALL BUSINESS ECONOMICS, 55, 705–725.

Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. (2009). The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited : From liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(9), 1411–1431. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2009.24

Knight, G. (2000). Entrepreneurship and Marketing Strategy : The SME Under Globalization. Entrepreneurship and Marketing Strategy, 8(2), 12–32.

Lee, J. (2020). Digital infrastructure for the internationalization of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Republic of Korea. Santiago.

Lim, H., & Kimura, F. (2010). The Internationalization of Small and Medium Enterprises in Regional and Global Value Chains (No. ADBI Working Paper 231). Retrieved from http://www.adbi.org/working- paper/2010/07/29/3972.intl.enterprises.regional.global.value.chains/

Park, S., Jeong, S., & Kim, E.-J. (2020). Government Support for Human Resource Development and Internationalization of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in South Korea. In D. H. Lim, S. W. Yoon, & D. Cho (Eds.), Human Resource Development in South Korea Theory and Cases (pp. 57–82). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54066-1

Revindo, M. D., Gan, C., & Massie, N. W. G. (2019). Factors Affecting Propensity to Export : The Case of Indonesian SMEs. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(3), 263–288.

Revindo, M. D., Indrawati, S. M., & Massie, N. W. G. (2019). Policy Options to Remove Export Barriers Encountered by Indonesian SMEs. Jurnal Ekonomi Indonesia, 8(1), 37–69.

Sato, Y. (2015). Development of Small and Medium Enterprises in the ASEAN Economies. Retrieved from https://www.jcie.org/japan/j/pdf/pub/publst/1451/9_sato.pdf

Sharu, H., & Guyo, W. (2015). Factors Influencing Growth of Youth Owned Small and Medium Enterprises in Nairobi County , Kenya. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(4), 973–980.

Shu, P., & Steinwender, C. (2019). The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Firm Productivity and Innovation. Innovation Policy and the Economy, 19(1), 39–68.

Welch, L. S., & Luostarinen, R. K. (1992). Inward-Outward Connections in Internationalization. (January 1991), 44–56.

Zucchella, A., Palamara, G., & Denicolai, S. (2007). The drivers of the early internationalization of the firm. JOURNAL OF WORLD BUSINESS, 42, 268–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2007.04.008

Published
2022-12-23