MAIZE SUPPLY RESPONSE IN INDONESIA

Illia Seldon Magfiroh; Ahmad Zainuddin; Intan Kartika Setyawati

doi:10.30908/bilp.v12i1.309

Illia Seldon Magfiroh Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
Ahmad Zainuddin Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember
Intan Kartika Setyawati Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jember

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30908/bilp.v12i1.309

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Keywords: Respon Penawaran, Jagung, Perubahan Harga, ECM, Supply Response, Maize, Price Change

Abstract

Permintaan terhadap komoditas jagung di Indonesia terus meningkat karena produksi jagung tidak memadai untuk mencukupi konsumsi jagung yang terus meningkat. Dampak dari kondisi ini adalah terjadinya kelangkaan komoditas jagung dan meningkatnya harga jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respon penawaran petani jagung terhadap perubahan harga input dan output. Dalam penelitian ini, juga dilakukan upaya untuk menguji respon penawaran petani jagung di Indonesia dengan menggunakan metode Error Correction Model (ECM). Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penawaran petani terhadap jagung dipengaruhi oleh harga kedelai, upah tenaga kerja, harga benih, harga pupuk urea, harga pakan, dan harga jagung impor. Petani jagung juga responsif terhadap harga jagung, oleh karena itu, kebijakan stabilitas harga dan kebijakan harga dasar dapat diberlakukan kembali untuk mendukung swasembada jagung. Penelitian ini juga merekomendasikan bahwa masih perlu kebijakan subsidi input dan perluasan lahan untuk meningkatkan penawaran jagung.

Demand for maize in Indonesia keeps growing due to low maize production, while consumption keep increasing (excess demand). The situation creates scarcity in maize and leads to the commodity’s high price. This study aims to analyze the supply response of maize farmers on the changes of input and output prices. This study also examines the supply response of maize farmers in Indonesia by using Error Correction Model (ECM). The study uses secondary data. Results of the study shows that supply of maize farmers is influenced by price of soybeans, wages of labor, prices of seed, of urea fertilizer, of feed, and of imported maize. Maize farmers are also responsive to changes in maize prices and therefore the policy of maize floor price can be re-applied to support the national food self-sufficiency. In addition the input subsidy and land expansion policies are still necessary to increase maize supply.

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