FASILITAS BEBAS BEA MASUK BAGI LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DAN MANFAATNYA BAGI INDONESIA
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Abstract
Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji manfaat pemberian fasilitas bebas bea masuk bagi negara penerima yang dikelompokkan ke dalam LDC dan manfaatnya bagi Indonesia sebagai negara pemberi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan, Indeks Intra Industry Trade, Uji Beda dan Model Keseimbangan Umum GTAP. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas bantuan akses pasar tersebut tidak merugikan industri nasional dan merupakan sumber alternatif untuk memperoleh bahan baku. Hal tersebut akan semakin kuat jika Indonesia memanfaatkan fleksibilitas sebagai negara berkembang yang tidak diwajibkan untuk menghapus bea masuk seluruh pos tarif yang dikenakan kepada negara-negara LDC. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya fasilitasi tersebut harus diikuti dengan pemberlakuan surat keterangan asal yang ketat untuk meminimalkan kemungkinan penyelundupan dari negara bukan anggota LDC.
This study is conducted to investigate the benefits of the duty-free facility for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) as receivers and the benefits for Indonesia as a donor. The methods of analysis used in this study are Trade Specialization Index, Index of Intra Industry Trade, Differential Test and General Equilibrium Model of GTAP. The study found that the duty-free facility is not detrimental to the national industry and as an alternative source of obtaining raw materials. It will be stronger if Indonesia utilizing the flexibility as developing country with no obligation to remove all import duties charged to LDC countries. However, in practice, such kind of facilitation should be followed by the application of strict certificate of origin to minimize the possibility of smuggling from countries other than the members of the LDC.
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