DAYA SAING TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA LOKAL DI PASAR DALAM NEGERI
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Abstract
Sebagai bahan baku utama industri rokok Indonesia terutama untuk pembuatan rokok sigaret putih, tembakau Virginia lokal belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan industri rokok dalam negeri. Studi ini mengkaji kemampuan daya saing tembakau Virginia lokal di pasar domestik dibandingkan dengan tembakau Virginia impor dengan menggunakan Competitive Position Analysis (CPA) yang menitikberatkan kepada cost based dan quality based competitiveness. Data yang dianalisa didasarkan kepada data tembakau Virginia yang diproduksi di Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) dan Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). Daya saing tembakau ditentukan oleh harga yang kompetitif, kualitas, rasa, dan pasokan yang stabil dan berkesinambungan. Ternyata harga jual tembakau Virginia lokal kurang kompetitif. Dari sisi kualitas, tembakau lokal mempunyai kualitas yang relatif rendah karena diferensiasi, varietas, dan rasa yang lebih terbatas. Secara umum, posisi daya saing tembakau Virginia lokal di pasar dalam negeri masih kalah dengan produk sejenis dari impor. Budidaya yang efektif dan efisien dengan bimbingan teknis dan tersedianya varietas unggul yang beragam harus diupayakan untuk meningkatkan daya saingnya di pasar domestik.
Local Virginia tobacco is the main material for the production of white cigarretes in Indonesia, but local supply is unable to meet increasing domestic demand. This paper studies the competitiveness of local Virginia tobacco in the domestic market compared to imported products by applying Competitive Position Analysis (CPA). CPA analyzes both quality and cost based competitiveness. The data used in this study are from field research in Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) and Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). This study finds that the factors affecting the competitiveness of local tobacco are price, quality, taste, and stable and continue supply. The price of local Virginia tobacco is less competitive and the quality is low due to limited products and variety and poor taste. Therefore, the competitive position of local Virginia tobacco is low. To improve the competitivenes of Indonesian tobacco, the government should provide farmers with extension services on effective and efficient farming techniques and promote the availability of better varieties of tobacco seeds.
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