2026-05-18T10:27:08Z https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/oai

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/4 2019-10-26T11:53:32Z bilp:ART

INTEGRASI HARGA DAGING SAPI DI PASAR DOMESTIK DAN INTERNASIONAL Zainuddin, Ahmad Asmarantaka, Ratna Winandi Harianto, Harianto Integrasi Pasar Daging sapi Perubahan harga Market Integration Beef Price Change Q13 Q22 Q11 Permintaan daging sapi di Indonesia yang terus meningkat menyebabkan kesenjangan antara produksi dan konsumsi semakin melebar. Kelebihan permintaan tersebut dipenuhi oleh daging sapi impor yang menyebabkan harga daging sapi domestik mengikuti pergerakan harga daging sapi impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis integrasi pasar daging sapi Indonesia dan dunia (respon harga daging sapi domestik terhadap perubahan harga internasional/dunia). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data bulanan harga retail daging sapi di Indonesia dan harga daging sapi internasional (periode 2009-2013). Analisis data menggunakan model Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi integrasi antara harga daging sapi di pasar domestik dan dunia dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap stabilitas harga daging sapi Indonesia tergantung pada harga daging sapi di pasar dunia. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah melalui Kementerian Perdagangan perlu menerapkan kebijakan stabilitas harga daging sapi agar konsumen dapat menjangkau harga daging sapi yang terus meningkat serta produsen juga tidak dirugikan. The increasing demand of beef in Indonesia has broadened the gaps between production and consumption. This excess demand is solved by importing beef which consequently makes the price of domestic beef follows the imported ones. This research aims to analyze the integration of beef market in Indonesia compared to the world market (as a response of domestic beef prices against the international/world price changes). The study used secondary data including the monthly retail price of beef in Indonesia and international beef prices during 2009-2013. Data analysis used was Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result shows that there is price integration between domestic beef market and the world market in the long and short run. It gives an implication to the stability of Indonesian beef price which depends heavily on the world market’s price. It is necessary that the government through the Ministry of Trade implement a policy of beef price stability so that the consumers will be able to purchase beef even the price keeps increasing and the producers will not lose the market. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/4 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.4 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 109-128 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 109-128 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/4/1 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/5 2019-10-26T11:52:55Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK PERJANJIAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA - JEPANG (IJEPA) TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN BILATERAL Ardiyanti, Septika Tri IJEPA Perdagangan Bilateral Model ARIMA Bilateral Trade F14 F15 F17 Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak perjanjian Indonesia – Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) terhadap perdagangan bilateral Indonesia-Jepang dari sisi ekspor maupun impor, dengan menggunakan data bulanan Januari 1990 sampai dengan Juni 2014. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan counterfactual dengan melakukan ekstrapolasi terhadap data perdagangan tanpa FTA (basis ekstrapolasi Jan 1990-Juni 2008) dan kemudian membandingkannya dengan data perdagangan aktual pada saat IJEPA telah diimplementasikan (Juli 2008-Juni 2014). Ekstrapolasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), sementara untuk menguji perbedaan antara kedua pengamatan data aktual dengan data ekstrapolasi digunakan uji t -berpasangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa IJEPA secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan nilai ekspor non migas Indonesia ke Jepang, namun tidak memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan nilai impor non migas Indonesia dari Jepang. Dengan demikian, Indonesia terbukti mendapatkan keuntungan dari sisi perdagangan karena mampu meningkatkan nilai ekspornya ke Jepang. Oleh karena itu, kerjasama yang intensif antara kedua negara harus terus ditingkatkan untuk mengoptimalkan perjanjian tersebut. Pemerintah dapat mengusulkan adanya bilateral monitoring scheme kepada pemerintah Jepang dalam rangka meningkatkan pemanfaatan IJEPA. This study aims at examining the impact of Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) towards bilateral trade between Indonesia and Japan, using monthly data from January 1990 to June 2014. This research used a counterfactual approach by constructing extrapolated trade values with pre-FTA data (extrapolation based on January 1990-June 2008), then comparing those extrapolated data with the actual trade data in the period after the implementation of IJEPA (July 2008-June 2014). The extrapolation was done using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, while paired t-test was used to examine the difference between the actual data and the extrapolated data. The results show that IJEPA can significantly increase the value of Indonesia’s non-oil exports to Japan, but it has no significant impact on the value of Indonesia’s non-oil imports from Japan. It is proven that Indonesia gets benefits from IJEPA in terms of foreign trade since it can increase its export value to Japan. Therefore, intensive cooperation between Indonesia and Japan should be improved by proposing a bilateral monitoring scheme to the Japanese government in order to improve the functions of IJEPA. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/5 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.5 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 129-151 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 129-151 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/5/2 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/6 2019-10-26T11:52:18Z bilp:ART

DAYA SAING REMPAH INDONESIA DI PASAR ASEAN PERIODE PRA DAN PASCA KRISIS EKONOMI GLOBAL Hermawan, Iwan Rempah Daya Saing ASEAN Ekspor Spices Competitiveness Export F14 Q17 P52 R10 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat daya saing ekspor rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN dan tingkat intensitas persaingan ekspor rempah dari negara-negara ASEAN. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), dan Index of Export Similarity (IES). Sedangkan data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan periode tahun 2005-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN mengalami perubahan antar periode pengamatan. Pada periode sebelum dan saat krisis ekonomi banyak komoditas rempah Indonesia berdaya saing rendah. Sedangkan pada saat pasca krisis ekonomi kondisi daya saing rempah tersebut mengalami peningkatan, khususnya vanili, kayu manis, jahe, kunyit, safron, timi, daun salam, daun kari, dan lada. Apabila dilihat dari sisi persaingan komoditas rempah negara-negara ASEAN di pasar Indonesia maka intensitasnya cenderung menurun. Lada dari Filipina, vanili dari Thailand, dan cengkeh dari Malaysia dapat menjadi kompetitor yang potensial di pasar rempah Indonesia karena daya saingnya meningkat di saat negara-negara lain menurun. Pemerintah Indonesia dapat melakukan upaya-upaya untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan potensi daya saing rempah melalui (a) teknik budidaya yang baik, (b) pengembangan industri hilir, (c) pemanfaatan bursa komoditas, dan (e) perbaikan fasilitasi perdagangan. The study aims at analyzing the level of export competitiveness of Indonesian spices and the intensity level of spices export competitiveness among ASEAN countries. This study used Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), and Index of Export Similarity (IES) approaches. The data used were time series during 2005-2013. The results showed that in the period before and during economic crises, most of Indonesian spice commodities are considered in the low level of competitiveness. However, that level has improved after the Indonesian economic crises, particularly for some spice commodities such as: vanilla, cinnamon, ginger, saffron, turmeric, thyme, bay leaves, and curry. Seen from the ASEAN countries’ spice commodities in Indonesian market, the level of competitiveness tends to decline in the intensity. Philippines pepper, Thai vanilla, and Malaysian clove may become the potential competitors in Indonesian market showing that those countries have increased the level of competitiveness whereas other ASEAN countries have decreased. Indonesian government should maintain and stimulate the potential spice competitiveness through: (a) an application of good cultivation technique, (b) a development of downstream industry, (c) a utilization of commodity exchange, and (e) an improvement of trade facilitation. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/6 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.6 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 153-178 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 153-178 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/6/3 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/7 2019-10-26T11:51:41Z bilp:ART

PENGARUH DIVERSIFIKASI EKSPOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN NILAI TAMBAH PER TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR MANUFAKTUR BERBASIS AGRO DAN NON-AGRO Hadiyanto, Yudi Risman Diversifikasi Ekspor Pertumbuhan Nilai Tambah Manufaktur Agro Manufaktur Non-agro Export Diversification Growth Value Added F14 O41 L60 C33 Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh diversifikasi ekspor terhadap pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja sektor manufaktur berbasis agro dan non-agro. Data yang digunakan adalah data statistik industri (manufaktur) dan data ekspor periode 2000-2010 dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi panel dengan estimasi System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) untuk mengatasi endogenitas pada variabel penjelas dan otokorelasi antara dependen variabel dengan lag-nya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diversifikasi pasar ekspor berkorelasi negatif dengan pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur non-agro tapi tidak berpengaruh pada manufaktur agro. Diversifikasi produk horizontal ekspor berpengaruh positif bagi manufaktur non-agro tapi pengaruhnya negatif bagi manufaktur agro. Ini menunjukkan bahwa menambah varian produk ekspor dapat mendorong pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur non-agro sedangkan manufaktur agro sebaliknya. Diversifikasi produk vertikal ekspor berpengaruh positif bagi pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur non-agro namun tidak memberikan pengaruh bagi pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur agro. Ini berarti bahwa -peningkatan ekspor produk-produk hilir manufaktur non-agro mampu mendorong pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja sektor manufaktur. Untuk menumbuhkan sektor manufaktur Pemerintah perlu mendorong investasi dan ekspor produk hilir dari manufaktur non-agro serta meningkatkan ekspor produk berdaya saing tinggi dari manufaktur agro. This study analyzes the effect of export diversification on the value added growth per labor of agro and non-agro based manufacturing sector. This research used the statistical data of industry (manufacturing) and export data in the period of 2000-2010, provided by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). As a method of analysis, panel regression is utilized using Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) in order to overcome the endogeneity problem on the explanatory variables and autocorrelation between the dependent variable and its lag. The results showed that the diversification of export markets has a negative correlation with the value added growth per labor of non-agro manufacturing sector but has no effect on agro manufacture. The horizontal product diversification of export has a positive impact on nonagro manufacture while for agro manufacture is negative. This indicates that the increasing of exported products can encourage the value added growth per labor, but it has the opposite effect on the agro manufacturing. The diversification of the vertical exported product has a positive influence on the value added growth per labor of non agro manufacture but does not give effect on the agro manufacture. This means that the increase of export of final products of non-agro manufacture is able to encourage the growth of the manufacturing sector. To support the growth of manufacturing sector, the goverment needs to encourage investment and exports of downstream industry products of non-agro manufacture and increase the export of highly competitive products in the agro manufacture. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/7 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.7 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 179-200 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 179-200 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/7/4 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/8 2019-10-26T11:51:04Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN HARGA TIMAH BKDI DAN LME SERTA KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR TIMAH INDONESIA Hasni, Hasni Timah Ekspor BKDI Granger Causality Tin Export ICDX C31 F12 Q31 Timah merupakan bahan tambang yang tidak terbarukan. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua sebagai produsen bijih timah terbesar dunia. Sejak 30 Agustus 2013, ekspor timah Indonesia harus melalui mekanisme transaksi di Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia (BKDI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara harga timah BKDI dan harga timah di London Metal Exchange (LME) serta kebijakan ekspor terhadap kinerja ekspor timah Indonesia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari BKDI, LME, Asian Metal dan BPS. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Granger causality menunjukkan bahwa setelah satu tahun penerapan ekspor timah melalui BKDI, harga timah BKDI dipengaruhi oleh harga timah LME pada rentang waktu satu hari kerja. Dari sisi penerimaan ekspor, kebijakan ekspor melalui BKDI dapat meningkatkan nilai ekspor timah bulanan ke Singapura. Pemerintah harus melanjutkan kebijakan ekspor timah yakni ekspor melalui Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia untuk mencegah ekspor timah ilegal dan meningkatkan daya saing serta nilai tambah produk timah ekspor Indonesia. Tin is a non-renewable mineral. Indonesia is the second largest producer of tin ore in the world. Since August 30 2013, Indonesian tin export has been done through The Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX) transaction mechanism. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ICDX’s tin price and the London Metal Exchange (LME) price as well as the effect of tin export mechanism through ICDX on the Indonesia’s tin export performance. The secondary data were taken from BKDI, LME, Asian Metal and BPS. The results showed that using Granger causality analysis, after one year the policy is being implemented, there is a relationship between ICDX’s tin price and LME price on one (working days) time lag. Tin export policy through ICDX mechanism can increase the value of monthly tin exports to Singapore, therefore it increases the export earning. The government needs to continue the tin export policy through the ICDX to prevent illegal tin export as well as to strenghten the competitiveness and value added of Indonesian tin export. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/8 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.8 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 201-220 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 201-220 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/8/5 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/9 2019-10-26T11:50:28Z bilp:ART

EFISIENSI PEMASARAN GAMBIR DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA, SUMATERA BARAT Nasution, Amelira Haris Asmarantaka, Ratna Winandi Baga, Lukman M Efisiensi Operasional Efisiensi Harga Gambir Gambier Operational Efficiency Price Efficiency D43 L13 Q02 Q13 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran gambir di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Sumatera Barat dengan menggunakan analisis efisiensi operasional dan efisiensi harga. Penentuan responden petani dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dan responden pedagang dipilih dengan snowball sampling. Data primer digunakan untuk melakukan analisis efisiensi operasional, sedangkan data sekunder time series bulanan dalam periode 2004 – 2014 digunakan untuk analisis efisiensi harga. Berdasarkan analisis efisiensi operasional terbukti bahwa saluran pemasaran yang terbentuk belum efisien akibat posisi tawar petani yang rendah. Dengan analisis efisiensi harga terungkap bahwa dalam jangka pendek, pasar gambir di tingkat petani tidak terintegrasi dengan pedagang besar dan ekportir, dan dalam jangka panjang pasar gambir di tingkat pedagang besar berkorelasi dengan eksportir namun tidak terintegrasi. Korelasi ini mengindikasikan adanya kolusi antara pedagang besar dan eksportir. Oleh karena itu, peran pemerintah diperlukan, terutama untuk mengoptimalkan regulasi pasar gambir yang ada di satu pihak dan meningkatkan peran kelembagaan petani di pihak lain. Kebijakan perbaikan akses informasi pasar dan ekspor gambir akan mampu menciptakan pemasaran gambir yang berpihak pada petani gambir. This study aims at analyzing the market efficiency of gambier in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatera using analysis of operational and price efficiency. Farmers were chosen using purposive sampling method and middlemen were selected using snowball sampling method. Primary data were used for the operational efficiency analysis, and secondary data which was monthly time series data from 2004 to 2014 were utilized for the price efficiency analysis. Based on the operational efficiency analysis, it was proven that the marketing channels had been inefficient because the bargaining power of farmers was weak. By using the price efficiency analysis, it showed that in the short run, gambier market in the farm level was not integrated with the middlemen and exporter levels, whereas in the long run, gambier market in middlemen level had corellation with the exporter level but they had not been integrated. This correlation indicated that there was a collusion between the middlemen and the exporters. Therefore, the role of government is needed to maximize the regulation of gambier market and to increase the role of farmer institutions. This can be done by improving the market access information and gambier export policy to create marketing which supports the gambier farmers. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/9 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.9 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 221-239 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 221-239 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/9/6 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/10 2019-10-26T11:49:51Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN KEMASAN ROKOK SINGAPURA TERHADAP EKSPOR ROKOK INDONESIA Alhayat, Aditya Paramita Kebijakan Kemasan Permintaan Ekspor Konsumsi Rokok 2SLS Plain Packaging Exports Demand Cigarettes Consumption D12 F10 F14 Pemerintah Singapura telah melakukan beragam kebijakan pengendalian tembakau (tobacco control) untuk menekan jumlah perokok. Singapura termasuk salah satu negara di dunia yang menerapkan regulasi ketat dalam pengendalian produk tembakau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan dampak penerapan kebijakan kemasan rokok Singapura terhadap ekspor rokok Indonesia. Kebijakan tersebut diasumsikan memiliki dampak sebagaimana kebijakan pengendalian konsumsi tembakau non-harga pada umumnya meskipun kebijakan tersebut belum diimplementasikan. Metode yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif yang dilengkapi dengan analisis ekonometri menggunakan Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) dengan sampel Triwulan III-2006 hingga Triwulan IV-2014. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ekspor rokok Indonesia lebih dipengaruhi oleh re-ekspor Singapura dibandingkan dengan konsumsi domestiknya. Selain itu, kebijakan pengendalian tembakau non-harga secara statistik tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi rokok di Singapura. Oleh sebab itu, Indonesia tidak perlu khawatir dengan rencana kebijakan kemasan rokok yang akan diterapkan. Pemerintah Indonesia harus aktif melakukan negosiasi apabila Singapura benar-benar menerapkan kebijakan kemasan rokok dalam rangka mendapatkan kompensasi perdagangan atas kebijakan tersebut. The government of Singapore has implemented various tobacco control policies to reduce the number of smoker. Singapore is one of the countries in the world that implemented a tight regulation to control tobacco products. This study aims to estimate the potential impacts of Singapore’s cigarette plain packaging policy on the Indonesian cigarettes exports. As this policy is not yet implemented, it is assumed that the policy will have the same impacts as the common tobacco control policy, especially for the non-price policy. The study used descriptive analysis supported by econometrics analysis using Two-Stage Least Squares method (2SLS) using quarterly data from III-2006 to IV-2014. The results showed that the Indonesian cigarettes export is much more influenced by the Singapore’s re-exports rather than by the domestic consumption. Moreover, the non-price tobacco control policies do not have statistically significant effect on the cigarette consumption in Singapore. Therefore, Indonesia should not be worried about the possible implementation of the plain packaging policy. Indonesian government must actively negotiate if Singapore finally implements the plain packaging policy  to get a compensation trade from this policy. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/10 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.10 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2015); 241-261 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 2 (2015); 241-261 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/10/7 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/13 2019-10-26T11:57:21Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK ASEAN-CHINA FREE TRADE AGREEMENT (ACFTA) TERHADAP KINERJA PEREKONOMIAN DAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN INDONESIA Nasrudin, Nasrudin Sinaga, Bonar M Walujadi, Dedi Kinerja Pertanian ACFTA Integrasi Ekonomi Regional Agricultural Performances Economic Integration F15 F17 Q17 Sektor pertanian Indonesia seharusnya memperoleh dampak positif dari ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA). Namun demikian,  kinerja sektor pertanian belum menunjukkan peningkatan yang berarti ketika sebagian besar komoditas pertanian telah diturunkan tarifnya melalui tahapan ACFTA. Studi ini meneliti dampak ACFTA terhadap kinerja sektor pertanian Indonesia sebelum dan sesudah ACFTA dengan menggunakan deskriptif analisis. Studi ini juga memprediksi kinerja perekonomian dan kinerja sektor pertanian setelah ACFTA diberlakukan secara penuh menggunakan metode ekonometrik dengan persamaan simultan. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa kinerja sektor pertanian Indonesia tidak lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sebelum implementasi ACFTA, dan diprediksi akan lebih buruk lagi setelah ACFTA diberlakukan sepenuhnya, akibat dari tingginya tekanan kompetisi dan kekakuan produsen domestik. Peningkatan kualitas infrastruktur domestik, pengembangan riset/teknologi serta penerapan regulasi yang mendukung daya saing merupakan kebijakan yang sangat diperlukan. The ASEAN-China Frade Trade Agreement should positively influence Indonesia’s agricultural sector performance. Unfortunately, the current agricultural sector performance shows no signs of significant increase despite a decrease of tariffs on most agricultural commodities through ACFTA. This study sets out to examine the overall impact of ACFTA on Indonesian agricultural sector performance prior to and after the implementation of ACFTA through descriptive analysis. This study also predicts the overall economic performance and agricultural sector performance after the full implementation of ACFTA by utilizing econometric method with simultaneous equation. This study finds that the agricultural sector performance does not improve after the implementation of ACFTA and it argues further that it will weaken due to high pressure of competition and the rigidity of domestic producers. Quality improve on domestic infrastructure, research and technology development and regulations which enhance competitiveness are high priority policies to support Indonesia’s agricultural sector performance. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/13 10.30908/bilp.v9i1.13 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015); 1-23 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 1 (2015); 1-23 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/13/10 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/14 2019-10-26T11:56:43Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS MODA ENTRI PENYEDIA JASA RITEL INDONESIA KE ASEAN: STUDI KASUS PADA ALFAMART Fawaiq, Muhammad Perdagangan Jasa AFAS Jasa Ritel Peluang Ekspor Moda Entri Trade in services Retail Services Export Opportunities Mode of Entry F13 F14 F16 F21 F23 Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis moda entri jasa ritel Indonesia ke negara-negara ASEAN sesuai dengan komitmen setiap negara di AFAS Paket 8. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan indeks Hoekman. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa Alfamart masuk ke pasar jasa ritel Filipina tanpa memanfaatkan kerjasama AFAS. Hal ini disebabkan Filipina masih menutup jasa ritelnya pada kerjasama tersebut. Moda entri yang digunakan Alfamart untuk masuk ke Filipina adalah  waralaba. Suksesnya Alfamart menjadi tolak ukur untuk mengembangkan alternatif moda entri ke negara-negara ASEAN lainnya sesuai dengan hasil pemetaan peluang akses pasar di AFAS Paket 8. Moda Entri yang diusulkan tersebut yaitu: a) Waralaba untuk negara yang belum terbuka (indeks Hoekman 0) yaitu Brunei Darussalam dan Laos, b) Usaha patungan pada negara-negara yang membuka akses pasar dengan pembatasan (indeks Hoekman 0,5) yaitu Malaysia dan Myanmar, dan c) Kepemilikan saham penuh pada negara-negara yang membuka akses pasar tanpa pembatasan (indeks Hoekman 1) yaitu Vietnam, Kamboja, Singapura dan Thailand. Faktor kunci suksesnya ekspor jasa ritel dalam kasus ini adalah mitra bisnis lokal yang membeli master franchise. Untuk itu,  pemerintah dapat berperan dalam promosi dan misi dagang ke luar negeri untuk menarik mitra bisnis. The aim of this study is to analyze the mode of entry of Indonesia’s retail supplier into ASEAN countries in accordance with the commitment of each country in AFAS Package 8. The methods deployed in this study are the Hoekman Index and descriptive analysis. The study results show that Alfamart has entered into the Philippine market retail services without utilizing AFAS cooperation. This is due to Philippines’s policy that still close its retail services market on such cooperation. The mode of entry used by Alfamart is franchise service. The success of Alfamart can be a benchmark to develop alternative modes of entry into other ASEAN countries in accordance with market access opportunities mapping of AFAS package 8. The alternatives of entry modes proposed in this study are: a) franchise for countries that does not have open access yet (indeks Hoekman 0) such as Brunei Darussalam and Laos, b) joint ventures in countries which have limited open access (indeks Hoekman 0.5) such as Malaysia and Myanmar , c) and wholly owned subsidiary in countries with full access into the market without restrictions (indeks Hoekman 1) such as Vietnam, Cambodia, Singapore and Thailand. A key factor which contributes to the success of retail service exports is local business partners who purchases master franchise. For that, the government can play a decisive role in promoting trade missions abroad to attract business partners. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/14 10.30908/bilp.v9i1.14 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015); 25-43 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 1 (2015); 25-43 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/14/11 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/15 2019-10-26T11:56:01Z bilp:ART

PENGARUH PENANAMAN MODAL ASING TERHADAP NERACA PERDAGANGAN ASEAN-6 Ginting, Ari Mulianta Foreign Direct Investment Panel Data Model Neraca Perdagangan Trade Balance F21 C23 F10 Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan perdagangan negara-negara ASEAN-6 dan menganalisis pengaruh aliran FDI terhadap neraca perdagangan. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif dan regresi data panel. Studi ini menunjukkan perkembangan neraca perdagangan ASEAN-6 dari tahun 2004-2013 secara total surplus. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi data panel, terdapat pengaruh yang positif antara pertumbuhan FDI, GDP dan sektor manufaktur dengan pertumbuhan neraca perdagangan di negara ASEAN-6. Sementara itu terdapat pengaruh negatif antara konsumsi domestik, dan nilai tukar riil terhadap pertumbuhan neraca perdagangan. Hasil analisis regresi data panel mengindikasikan pentingnya variabel pertumbuhan FDI. Hal ini mengimplikasikan perlunya negara-negara ASEAN-6 mengeluarkan kebijakan yang tepat untuk meningkatkan aliran masuk FDI, seperti perbaikan iklim investasi dan pemberian insentif fiskal. This study sets out to explain the development of trade between ASEAN-6 countries and analyze the influence of FDI flow towards the balance of trade. This study utilizes descriptive analysis approach and panel data regression. This study shows the development of the balance of trade for ASEAN-6 trade from 2004-2013 were all surplus. Based on the panel data regression analysis, there is a positive influences of FDI, GDP, and manufacture sector on the balance of trade of ASEAN-6 countries. On the other hand, there is a negative influences of domestic consumption and real exchange on balance of trade. The analysis result from panel data regression indicates the importance of FDI growth variable. This implies a necessity for ASEAN-6 countries to issue policies that could enhance the inflow of FDI, such as improving investment climate and providing fiscal incentive. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/15 10.30908/bilp.v9i1.15 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015); 45-62 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 1 (2015); 45-62 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/15/12 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/16 2019-10-26T11:55:23Z bilp:ART

KONVERGENSI PENDAPATAN INDONESIA DAN MITRA REGIONAL TRADE AGREEMENT (ASEAN+6): APLIKASI METODE CLUSTER FUZZY Muslim, Azis Perdagangan RTA Pendapatan Konvergensi Fuzzy Trade Income Convergence F10 F15 C14 C22 Studi ini mengevaluasi pernyataan bahwa Regional Trade Agreement (RTA) mendorong konvergensi pendapatan. Dengan menggunakan data historis dan menerapkan algoritma fuzzy c-means clustering studi ini menguji konvergensi pendapatan Indonesia dan mitra RTA. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa dalam dua dasawarsa sejak tahun 1993, meskipun dengan adanya RTA, Indonesia mengalami pertumbuhan ekonomi, tetapi pendapatan Indonesia tidak konvergen ke arah pendapatan negara maju. Perdagangan perlu dipakai sebagai sarana alih pengetahuan dan teknologi serta peningkatan “kapabilitas sosial” untuk mendukung percepatan pertumbuhan ekonomi. This study evaluates the proposition that Regional Trading Agreements (RTA) endorses convergence of income. Using historical data and fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm, this study analyzes the convergence of Indonesia’s income and RTA partners. The results show that in two decades since 1993, with the presence of RTA, Indonesia has experienced economic growth, yet Indonesia’s income did not converge towards the incomes of developed countries. Trade needs to be utilized as a mean to support knowledge and technology transfer and to increase “social capability” to enhance the acceleration of economic growth. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/16 10.30908/bilp.v9i1.16 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015); 63-77 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 1 (2015); 63-77 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/16/13 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/17 2019-10-26T11:54:46Z bilp:ART

THE IMPACT OF REAL EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITY ON INDONESIA-US TRADE PERFORMANCE Ardiyanti, Septika Tri Volatilitas Nilai Tukar Exchange Rate Volatility ARCH model MASD Methods ARDL F14 F31 F41 Studi ini mengkaji dampak volatilitas nilai tukar riil terhadap kinerja perdagangan bilateral Indonesia-Amerika Serikat (AS), dengan menggunakan data periode Q1:1990 sampai dengan Q3:2012. Studi ini menggunakan dua pendekatan untuk mengukur volatilitas nilai tukar riil, yaitu model Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH-1) dan metode Moving Average Standards Deviation (MASD). Untuk menguji hubungan jangka panjang antara variabel penelitian, digunakan prosedur Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa volatilitas nilai tukar riil berpengaruh negatif terhadap impor Indonesia dari AS tetapi tidak mempengaruhi ekspor Indonesia ke AS. Dengan demikian, semakin volatile nilai tukar maka volume impor Indonesia dari AS semakin rendah. Jika Indonesia ingin menjaga neraca perdagangan, maka dianjurkan untuk mempertahankan kebijakan nilai tukar yang mengambang dan terkendali. This sudy examines the impact of real exchange value volatilities on bilateral trade performance between Indonesia and the United States utilizing the data period between Q1:1990 to Q3 2012. This study deploys two approach to measure real exchange values volatilities, Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH-1) and Moving Average standard Deviation methods. To test the long terms relationship between variables, it uses Autogressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing procedure. The result shows that real exchange values volatilities has negative influence on Indonesia’s import from the United States but does not affect the Indonesia’s export to the United States. Hence, the more volatile an exchange value leads to a decrease of Indonesia’s import volume from the United States. If Indonesia attempts to balance its trade, it needs to keep intact monetary policies afloat and controllable. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/17 10.30908/bilp.v9i1.17 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015); 79-93 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 1 (2015); 79-93 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/17/14 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/18 2019-10-26T11:54:09Z bilp:ART

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI DAN ESTIMASI TARIF EKUIVALEN NTBs EKSPOR KAYU LAPIS INDONESIA Sari, Kartika Rahma Widyastutik, Widyastutik Non-Tariff Barries (NTBs) Gravity Model Volume Ekspor Data Panel Export Volume F02 F12 F13 F14 Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ekspor kayu lapis dengan menggunakan Gravity Model, dan menghitung Nilai Tarif Ekuivalen dari Non Tariff Barriers (NTBs) kayu lapis Indonesia di negara tujuan. Berdasarkan pendekatan Gravity Model (Model Gravitasi), aliran perdagangan potensial diperoleh dengan melakukan subtitusi seluruh data kedalam persamaan gravity. Fitted trade flow dari persamaan gravity model dianggap sebagai aliran perdagangan potensial. Perbedaan antara aliran perdagangan aktual dan potensial diindikasikan sebagai tarif ekuivalen dari NTBs. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap ekspor kayu lapis Indonesia yaitu Gross Domestic Product (GDP) riil Indonesia dan negara tujuan, Indek Harga Konsumen (IHK) Indonesia dan negara tujuan, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar dan krisis keuangan tahun 2010. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan negara Uni Eropa seperti Inggris dan Belgia memiliki rata-rata tarif ekuivalen NTBs paling besar. Sistem Verifikasi Legalitas Kayu (SVLK) untuk legalitas produk kayu dapat dijadikan sebagai strategi untuk menghadapi NTBs yang ada di negara tujuan ekspor. This study sets out to analyze factors that influence plywood exports utilizing the Gravity Model and assess the equivalent tariff value of Non Trade Barriers plywood on destination countries. Based on the Gravity Model approach, a potential of flow of trade is obtained through substituting the whole data into gravity equation. Fitted trade flow from the Gravity Model equation is considered as a potential trade flow. The difference between actual and potential trade flow is indicated by the NTB equivalent tariff. The result shows factors that are influential on plywood exports notably the GDPs of Indonesia and destination countries, Consumer Index Price in Indonesia and destination countries, economic distance, exchange value and economic crisis in 2010. In addition, European Union such as England and Belgium have the highest average for NTB equivalent tariff. Verification System of Plywood legality is one alternative that can be deployed as a strategy when confronting NTB on destination countries. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2015-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/18 10.30908/bilp.v9i1.18 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 9 No. 1 (2015); 95-108 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 9 No 1 (2015); 95-108 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v9i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/18/15 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/21 2019-10-26T11:49:13Z bilp:ART

DINAMIKA KERJASAMA EKONOMI INDONESIA DENGAN ANGGOTA ORGANISASI KONFERENSI ISLAM (OKI): POTENSI DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA Hidayat, Agus Syarip OKI Liberalisasi Ekonomi Dampak Bagi Perekonomian Indonesia OIC Economic Liberalization Impacts on Indonesia Economy F13 F14 F15 F17 F62 Sejak Organisasi Konferensi Islam (OKI) berdiri tahun 1969, kerjasama ekonomi antar anggotanya yang berjumlah 57 negara terbilang belum intensif. Salah satu indikasinya adalah rendahnya porsi intra-trade dan intra-investment OKI, serta pertumbuhan mereka yang juga relatif lambat. Penelitian ini membahas dinamika kerja sama ekonomi antara Indonesia dan anggota OKI serta prospek liberalisasi ekonomi OKI dan potensi dampaknya terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Model yang digunakan adalah standard Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa liberalisasi ekonomi OKI berpotensi memberikan dampak sektoral yang beragam bagi Indonesia, khususnya terlihat pada variabel makroekonomi seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi, output industri dan perdagangan. Indonesia dan anggota OKI lainnya dapat memperoleh manfaat optimal ketika diterapkan full liberalization. Oleh karena itu, Indonesia perlu mengambil peran untuk mendorong percepatan dan pendalaman liberalisasi perdagangan yang lebih komprehensif antar anggota OKI. Sebagai langkah awal, Indonesia perlu segera meratifikasi perjanjian Trade Preferential System of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (TPS-OIC). Since the establishment of Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in 1969, the level of economic cooperation among its 57 member-countries has been limited, indicated by the low portion of intra-trade and intra-investment among the OIC members and their relatively slow growth. This study discusses the dynamic economic cooperation between Indonesia and the OIC members. Further, it analyzes the prospect of OIC economic liberalization and its potential impacts on the Indonesian economy. It uses secondary data and employs the standard of General Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model. It shows that the OIC economic liberalization potentially had varying sectoral impacts on Indonesian economy, which was particularly shown by macroeconomic variables (such as economic growth and inflation), industrial output, and trade. Furthermore, Indonesia and other OIC members would obtain optimum benefits when full liberalization is applied. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf application/x-download application/x-download application/x-download https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/21 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.21 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 21-44 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 21-44 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/21/40 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/21/195 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/21/196 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/21/197 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/29 2019-10-26T11:48:36Z bilp:ART

TRADE FACILITATION AND THE PERFORMANCE OF INDONESIAN MANUFACTURING EXPORT Luthfianto, Aulia Priyarsono, D S Barreto, Raul Fasilitasi Perdagangan Ekspor Manufaktur Gravity Model Trade Facilitation Manufacturing Export C23 F13 F14 F41 Penelitian ini menganalisa dampak dari fasilitasi perdagangan pada kinerja ekspor manufaktur Indonesia. Data spesifik dari masing-masing negara baik Indonesia dan tigapuluh mitra dagang utama dari komoditi manufaktur selama periode 2010 hingga 2014 digunakan dalam membangun indikator fasilitasi perdagangan, termasuk langkah-langkah dalam lingkungan kepabeanan dan regulasi, efisiensi pelabuhan, dan infrastruktur di sektor jasa. Hubungan antara kinerja ekspor Indonesia dan indikator tersebut kemudian di estimasi menggunakan gravity model dengan data panel. Hasil analisa menunjukan bahwa fasilitasi perdagangan dalam lingkungan kepabeanan dari Indonesia dan mitra dagang utama nya berpengaruh besar dan positif terhadap kinerja ekspor manufaktur Indonesia, sementara lingkungan regulasi di Indonesia mengurangi arus perdagangan. Kerjasama perdagangan dengan negara-negara ASEAN berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja ekspor manufaktur Indonesia. Implikasi kebijakan yang dapat disarankan adalah dengan memprioritaskan upaya dalam lingkungan kepabeanan Indonesia dan mitra dagang, melalui peningkatan efisiensi waktu dan biaya yang diperlukan dalam melakukan perdagangan. Selain itu, meningkatkan kerjasama perdagangan dalam kawasan ASEAN akan dapat meningkatkan kinerja ekspor Indonesia.This paper analyzes the impact of trade facilitation on Indonesian manufacturing export performance. Some specific data of Indonesia and thirty countries as Indonesian main trading partners of manufacture commodities over the period 2010 to 2014 were used to construct trade facilitation indicators, including measures in the customs and regulatory environment, port efficiency, and service sector infrastructure. The relationship between Indonesian export performance and these indicators were estimated using a gravity model with panel data. The findings provide some evidence that trade facilitation on customs environment of Indonesia and its trading partners largely and positively affects Indonesian manufacturing export performance, while the Indonesian regulatory environment deters the trade flows. Trade partnerships with ASEAN countries positively and significantly affect Indonesian manufacturing export performance. It is suggested for policy implication to prioritise efforts and development on Indonesian customs environment and its trading partners, through time and cost efficiency to trade. Moreover, Indonesia should generate more trade within ASEAN region which could stimulate a higher export performance. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/x-download https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/29 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.29 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 1-20 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 1-20 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/29/38 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/29/186 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/29/187 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/29/194 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/30 2019-10-26T11:47:59Z bilp:ART

PENENTUAN NEGARA PRIORITAS PENGEMBANGAN ATDAG DAN ITPC MELALUI METODE ANALITYCAL HIERARCHY PROCESS Hasni, Hasni Faradila, Fitria Atdag ITPC AHP Kriteria Negara Prioritas Trade Attaché Criteria Priority Countries C82 F13 H30 O24 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kriteria-kriteria penentuan negara prioritas untuk pengembangan Atase Perdagangan (Atdag)/Indonesia Trade Promotion Centre (ITPC), dan mengidentifikasi negara-negara prioritas untuk mengembangkan Atdag/ITPC yang sudah ada atau mendirikan Atdag/ITPC yang baru. Metode pengkajian yang digunakan adalah Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data sekunder bersumber dari BPS, Fragile States Index, UN COMTRADE, World Bank dan CEPII. Sedangkan data primer diperoleh dari kegiatan FGD dengan para pelaku ekspor, akademisi dan pejabat Disperindag Jakarta dan Yogyakarta. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kriteria yang digunakan dalam pemilihan negara prioritas Atdag dan ITPC secara berturut-turut adalah country risk; commercial infrastructure; market growth; trade complementary index; market intensity; trade openness; dan trade cooperation. Keberadaan Atdag dan ITPC sebagai perwakilan perdagangan berperan penting dalam peningkatan ekspor, sehingga perlu penguatan dan pengembangan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya penguatan Atdag dan ITPC di 16 negara prioritas serta pembentukan Atdag dan atau ITPC baru di tiga negara prioritas, yaitu Myanmar, Swedia dan Austria. This study aims to develop the main criteria to determine priority countries for new Trade Attaché/ITPC Representatives and to identify priority countries for further development of the Trade Attaché/ITPC Representatives.This study employs an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methodology. The secondary data were collected from the BPS, Fragile States Index, UN COMTRADE, World Bank and CEPII. The primary data were collected from qualitative research using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the stakeholders in Jakarta and Yogyakarta. The results showed that the main criteria for choosing countries for establishing Atdag and ITPC in sequence were country risk, commercial infrastructure, market growth, trade complementary index, market intensity, trade openness, and trade cooperation. The presence of Trade Attaché/ITPC Representative in many countries has an important role in increasing Indonesia’s export. However, further efforts are required to strengthen their roles, particularly in 16 countries. This study recommends to establish trade attaché and or ITPC in three potential countries: Myanmar, Sweden and Austria. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf application/x-download application/x-download application/x-download https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/30 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.30 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 63-86 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 63-86 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/30/33 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/30/191 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/30/192 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/30/193 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/31 2019-10-26T11:47:22Z bilp:ART

HUBUNGAN ANTARA CONSUMPTION ABROAD (MODA 2) DENGAN COMMERCIAL PRESENCE (MODA 3) DI SEKTOR JASA PARIWISATA INDONESIA Fawaiq, Muhammad Perdagangan Jasa Moda 2 Moda 3 Pariwisata VECM Granger Trade in Services Tourism F13 F14 F16 F21 F23 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara Moda 2 dan Moda 3 dalam perdagangan internasional di sektor jasa pariwisata. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger. Data yang digunakan adalah data kedatangan wisatawan mancanegara dan Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) jasa hotel dan restoran tahun 1997-2014 di Bali, Jakarta, Kepulauan Riau dan Sumatera Utara. Daerah-daerah ini berkontribusi sebesar 81,26% dari total kedatangan wisatawan mancanegara di Indonesia dan 68% terhadap total FDI di jasa hotel dan restoran Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan kausalitas jangka pendek antara kedua variabel tetapi terdapat hubungan jangka panjang satu arah yaitu variabel Moda 3 dipengaruhi oleh variabel Moda 2. Hasil pengujian pada gabungan antara jangka panjang dan jangka pendek menujukkan bahwa variabel Moda 3 secara kuat dipengaruhi oleh variabel Moda 2. Dengan demikian diketahui bahwa semakin banyak jumlah wisatawan mancanegara yang datang ke Indonesia maka akan mendorong meningkatnya FDI di jasa hotel dan restoran, tetapi meningkatnya FDI di jasa tersebut tidak signifikan berpengaruh terhadap masuknya jumlah wisatawan mancanegara. This paper examines the relationship between Mode 2 and Mode 3 of international trade in tourism sector. The method used is the Panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) Granger. The data used in this study were the number of foreign tourist arrivals and the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in some hotels and restaurants during 1997-2014 in Bali, Jakarta, Riau Islands and Nort Sumatera.These regions contributed for 81.26% out of the total tourist arrivals in Indonesia and 68% of the total FDI in the services of hotels and restaurants Indonesia. The results using VECM Granger demonstrated that there was no short-term causality relationship between these two variables but they had a long-term causality relationship that the Moda 3 was affected by the variable mode 2. Test results on a combination of long-term and short-term showed that the variable mode 3 was strongly influenced by variable mode 2. Thus, it is known that the more foreign tourists coming to Indonesia, the more FDI we gained from the service of hotels and restaurants, but this increase does not significantly affect the number of foreign tourists. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf application/unknown application/unknown application/unknown https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/31 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.31 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 45-62 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 45-62 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/31/39 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/31/205 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/31/206 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/31/207 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/32 2019-10-26T11:46:45Z bilp:ART

PROYEKSI EKSPOR DAN IMPOR INDONESIA: SUATU PENDEKATAN VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE Alhayat, Aditya Paramita Muslim, Azis Proyeksi Ekspor Impor VAR Projection Export Import C53 F14 F17 C51 Proyeksi ekspor dan impor Indonesia memiliki urgensi penting sebagai salah satu acuan untuk merumuskan target pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun proyeksi ekspor dan impor nasional periode 2015-2019 yang dilihat berdasarkan sektor migas dan non migas. Dengan mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek ekonomi eksternal, Vector Autoregression (VAR) digunakan untuk memberikan perkiraan besaran petumbuhan ekspor dan impor di masa mendatang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di masa datang pertumbuhan ekspor Indonesia masih dipengaruhi oleh Produk Domestik Bruto negara-negara mitra utama sedangkan impor lebih dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor ekonomi domestik. Hasil proyeksi VAR menunjukkan bahwa ekspor nasional pada 2015 turun sebesar 10,65% dan meningkat sebesar 1,06% di tahun 2019, sedangkan impor nasional tahun 2015 turun sebesar 10,02% dan meningkat sebesar 12,11% di tahun 2019. Apabila pemerintah ingin menetapkan target ekspor lebih tinggi dari angka tersebut, maka usaha peningkatan ekspor harus ditopang dengan perbaikan sisi penawaran, dan target impor yang lebih rendah dapat dicapai dengan pengetatan konsumsi migas. Export and import projection is one of the important activities to determine the target of economic growth in the National Medium-Term Development Plan (NMTDP). This study aims to set out the projections of national exports and imports during 2015-2019 according to oil and non-oil sectors. By considering some external factors, Vector Autoregression (VAR) is utilized to forecast the future growth of export and import. The results showed that the future growth of Indonesia’s export was determined by Gross Domestic Product of trading partners, while the Indonesia’s import was influenced by domestic economic factors. The national export in 2015 was projected to decline by 10.65% and to increase by 1.06% in 2019, while the national import was projected to decline by 10.02% in 2015 and increase by 12.11% in 2019. If the government intends to set the export target higher than the projection, the improvement on the supply side must be considered. Moreover, the lower import target could be achieved by tightening the oil and gas consumption. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf file/unknown file/unknown file/unknown https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/32 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.32 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 87-102 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 87-102 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/32/34 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/32/188 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/32/189 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/32/190 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/33 2019-10-26T11:46:08Z bilp:ART

TRANSMISI HARGA ASIMETRI DALAM RANTAI PASOK BAWANG MERAH DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN IMPOR DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS DI BREBES DAN JAKARTA Ruslan, Januar Arifin Firdaus, Muhammad ., Suharno Bawang Merah Transmisi Asimetris Impor Perilaku Pasar Shallots Asymmetric Transmission Import Market Behaviour Q13 D22 P22 Disparitas harga bawang merah di tingkat petani dan konsumen sangat besar. Penelitian ini menganalisis transmisi harga dalam rantai pasok bawang merah dan menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi transmisi harga serta menganalisis hubungan antara harga bawang merah impor terhadap harga produsen dan harga konsumen bawang merah. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Houck dan Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) serta uji kointegrasi dan kausalitas jangka panjang. Data yang digunakan merupakan data bulanan pada petani, pedagang grosir, pengecer di Kabupaten Brebes dan Kota Jakarta serta harga bawang merah impor selama Januari 2008 sampai Desember 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam hubungan petani-grosir terjadi asimetris harga dalam jangka pendek karena terkait dengan biaya penyesuaian, sedangkan grosir-pengecer terjadi asimetris dalam jangka panjang karena terkait dengan penyalahgunaan kekuatan pasar. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan pentingnya peran dari harga impor bawang merah dalam penentuan harga bawang merah di tingkat produsen dan konsumen. Kebijakan harga plafon (ceiling price) dan harga dasar (floor price) diharapkan dapat menghindari perilaku eksploitasi yang dilakukan pedagang perantara. Shallot, as a potential commodity in Indonesia, has a large price disparity between the farmer and the consumer prices. The price disparity is also linked to the price of shallots import. This research analyzes the price transmission of shallots during its supply chain, discusses the factors influencing the price transmission, and also investigates the relationship between the price of import and the price of producer-and-consumer.This research uses the Houck Model, Error Correction Mechanism (ECM), cointegration test and longrun causality test.The data were monthly price data of farmers, wholesalers, and retailers in Brebes regency and Jakarta; and prices of shallot import  during January 2008 to December 2014.The results showed that the relationship between farmer and wholesale was asymmetric in the short term of price transmission, even in the long term of transmission wholesalers and retailers was also having asymmetric relationship. The asymmetric price transmission in the short term was related to adjusment cost while the asymetric price transmission in the long term indicated the abuse of market power. This study reveals the important role of price import in the farm and retailer prices. It is suggested to set up ceiling price and floor price in order to avoid the exploitative behavior of middlemen. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf application/unknown application/unknown application/unknown https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/33 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.33 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 103-128 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 103-128 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/33/36 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/33/198 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/33/199 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/33/200 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/34 2019-10-26T11:45:31Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH TERHADAP USAHA TANI BERAS ORGANIK DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT Jakiyah, Ulpah Baga, Lukman M Tinaprilla, Netti Keunggulan Kompetitif Keunggulan Komparatif Beras Organik Kebijakan Pemerintah Policy Analysis Matrix Competitive Advantage Comparative Advantage Organic Rice Government Policy Q17 Q18 Q28 Salah satu kebijakan Menteri Pertanian berkenaan dengan ekspor dan impor beras adalah peningkatan ekspor jenis beras khusus, seperti beras organik. Permintaan pasar global beras organik semakin meningkat, tetapi Indonesia menghadapi pesaing seperti Thailand dan Vietnam. Meskipun demikian, petani beras organik di Provinsi Jawa Barat menunjukkan kemampuan daya saingnya dengan keberhasilannya melakukan ekspor ke negara Amerika Serikat, Jerman, Malaysia, Singapura, Belanda, Italia, dan Dubai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis daya saing beras organik, dan mengidentifikasi dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap kegiatan usaha tani beras organik. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas beras organik memiliki daya saing yang cukup untuk ekspor, terlihat pada keunggulan kompetitif (Private Cost Ratio) dan komparatif (Domestic Resource Cost Ratio). Penerimaan secara finansial maupun sosial dapat memenuhi biaya input domestik. Keunggulan kompetitif dan komparatif melemah akibat dari adanya pengaruh biaya sertifikasi lahan pada biaya domestik dan biaya kemasan, sedangkan dampak kebijakan pemerintah terhadap input dan output menguntungkan petani. Kebijakan bersifat efektif namun belum efisien akibat belum adanya lembaga penyediaan input seperti pupuk dan benih organik. One of the agriculture minister policies related to rice exports and imports is the increased number of certain type of rice export such as organic rice.The global demand of organic rice market has been increasing but Indonesia is facing competitors, such as Thailand and Vietnam. Nevertheless, organic rice farmers in west java province are showing their competitive capability by exporting to a United States, Germany, Malaysia, Singapore, The netherlands, Italy, and Dubai. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of organic rice, and identify the impacts in government policy for the organic rice farming.The result shows that some varieties of organic rice have adequate export competitiveness, seen from the competitive advantage (private cost ratio) and the comparative advantage (domestic cost ratio) which are positive. The analysis method used was Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The financial and social revenue could cover the input of domestic cost. The competitive and comparative advantages were weakened as a result of the influence of land certification in the domestic and packaging cost, whereas the impact of government policy to input and output is profitable for farmers. The policy is effective but has not been efficient due to lack of input providers such as fertilizer and organic seeds. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf application/unknown application/unknown application/unknown application/unknown https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/34 10.30908/bilp.v10i1.34 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 1 (2016); 129-146 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 1 (2016); 129-146 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/34/35 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/34/201 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/34/202 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/34/203 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/34/204 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/43 2019-10-26T11:38:29Z bilp:ART

STRATEGI PENINGKATAN DAYA SAING UMKM PANGAN DI PALEMBANG Delmayuni, Asri Hubeis, Musa Cahyadi, Eko Ruddy Berdaya Saing Pangan Pengembangan UMKM Strategi Competitive Food SMEs Development Strategy M3 L1 L78 Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) mempunyai potensi sangat besar untuk kemajuan perekonomian Indonesia, karena tersebar diseluruh wilayah Indonesia. Mensejahterahkan UMKM akan berdampak besar bagi perekonomian negara indonesia. Penelitian mengenai strategi untuk meningkatkan daya saing Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Pangan di Kota Palembang ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis Strength, Weaknes, Opportunity, and Threats (SWOT) dan Analisis Hirarki Proses (AHP).Sampel usaha UMKM Pangan di Palembang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Berdasarkan SWOT dan AHP diperoleh hasil bahwa strategi prioritas yang harus dilakukan oleh UMKM pangan berdaya saing di Kota Palembang adalah penggunaan peralatan yang lebih moderndalam proses produksiagar variasi makanan dapat dibuat secara lebih efisien dan efektif; serta pemanfaatan manajemen modern agar pengolahan UMKM dapat mencakup ekonomi lokal (dalam negeri) dan juga luar negeri. Untuk itu kontribusi dan kerjasama yang baik antar pemerintah dan UMKM akan membuat UMKM bisa melakukan perannya dengan baik dan menciptakan UMKM pangan yang berdaya saing. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has a large potential for the economic progress in Indonesiasince it has been widespread throughout the country. Prospering the SMEs will bring a major impact for the economy of Indonesia.The research about strategy to improve the competitiveness of Food Micro Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Palembang City was done by using the Strength, Weaknes, Opportunity, and Threats (SWOT) analysis and Hierarchy Analysis Process (AHP). The sample of SMEs food business in Palembang was taken by using purposive sampling technique.The result shows that the priority strategy that should be done by the SMEs are using the modern equipment in production process in order to make the food variation more effective and eficient;and  utilizingthe modern management for SME’s processing can cover the domestic and international economy. Therefore, good cooperation between goverment and SMEs will lead to a better function of SMEs which creates high competitiveness in SMEs. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2017-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/43 10.30908/bilp.v11i1.43 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 11 No. 1 (2017); 97-122 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 11 No 1 (2017); 97-122 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v11i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/43/143 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/52 2019-10-26T11:44:53Z bilp:ART

PERKIRAAN DAMPAK ASEAN DAN HONG KONG FREE TRADE AREA (AHKFTA) TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA Laksani, Dian Dwi Salam, Aziza Rahmaniar ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA Perdagangan Indonesia CGE Model Indonesia Trade Performance F13 F15 F68 ASEAN dan Hong Kong sepakat untuk membentuk kerjasama kawasan dalam bentuk ASEAN Hong Kong FTA (AHKFTA). Negosiasi perundingan direncanakan akan selesai pada akhir 2016. Indonesia sebagai salah satu negara anggota ASEAN tentunya berpartisipasi dalam rencana pembentukan AHKFTA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung seberapa besar dampak berlakunya perjanjian perdagangan barang ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA terhadap kinerja perdagangan Indonesia. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) dengan menggunakan Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) versi 8. Kerjasama kawasan ini diharapkan akan menurunkan hambatan perdagangan di semua sektor, khususnya penurunan tarif sebagai representasi penurunan hambatan perdagangan baik di Indonesia maupun di Hong Kong. Penelitian ini melakukan dua simulasi yaitu pemotongan tarif sebesar 50% dan liberalisasi penuh. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memperoleh manfaat dari liberalisasi penuh perdagangan FTA ASEAN-Hong Kong baik dari kesejahteraan maupun peningkatan GDP, sedangkan peningkatan output hanya terjadi di beberapa sektor yang merupakan komoditi unggulan yaitu vegetable oil, oil seeds, wearing apparel, textile dan electronic equipment Penurunan tarif secara bertahap, pemberlakuan proteksi dan peningkatan daya saing bagi sektor yang berdaya saing rendah merupakan kebijakan yang sangat diperlukan. ASEAN and Hong Kong have agreed to establish bilateral cooperation in the form of the ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA (AHKFTA). The negotiation process is planned to be completed by the end of 2016. Indonesia as one of ASEAN countries will surely participate in AHKFTA. This study aims to investigate the impact of the bilateral trade agreement of the ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA on the Indonesian trade performance. The analytical method applied in this study is Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) using modeling approach of Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) version 8. This cooperation is expected to reduce the trade barriers in all sectors, such as reducing tariff in order to decrease the trade barriers between Indonesia and Hong Kong. This study conducted two simulations of tariff cuts 50% and full liberalization. The results indicate that Indonesia gained some benefits from full liberalization of ASEAN-Hong Kong FTA in terms of its welfare and the increase of GDP. The increase of output only occurs in few sectors which are categorized as a primary commodity such as vegetable oil, oil seeds, wearing apparel, textile and electronic equipment. In short, reducing tariff gradually and reinforcing protection and improvement to a sector having low competitiveness are vital to support Indonesia’s trade performance. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf "application/pdf" "application/pdf" https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/52 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.52 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2016); 167-186 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 2 (2016); 167-186 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/52/41 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/52/208 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/52/209 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/53 2019-10-26T11:44:15Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK KEBERADAAN PERWAKILAN PERDAGANGAN LUAR NEGERI TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR NON MIGAS INDONESIA Saputri, Ayu Sinta Ardiyanti, Septika Tri Ekspor Perwakilan Perdagangan Fungsi Permintaan Export Trade Representative Demand Function F10 F13 F14 Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pembentukan Atase Perdagangan (Atdag) dan Indonesian Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) terhadap kinerja ekspor non migas Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah random effect model fungsi permintaan dengan menggunakan nilai ekspor non migas Indonesia dan pangsa ekspor non migas Indonesia di negara mitra dagang sebagai indikator-indikator yang menggambarkan kinerja ekspor Indonesia. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Atdag dan ITPC memberikan pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan ekspor Indonesia. Nilai ekspor dan pangsa ekspor non migas Indonesia di negara mitra dagang dimana terdapat Atdag dan ITPC lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan negara mitra yang belum terdapat Atdag dan ITPC. Di samping itu, besaran anggaran yang diterima oleh para perwakilan perdagangan juga memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja ekspor Indonesia. Dengan demikian, penguatan dan pengembangan Atdag dan ITPC penting untuk dilakukan dalam rangka peningkatan ekspor Indonesia baik melalui peningkatan besaran anggaran dan atau penambahan jumlah perwakilan perdagangan Indonesia di luar negeri. This study analyzes the impact of establishing The Indonesia’s Trade Attaché (Atdag) and The Indonesia's Trade Promotion Center (ITPC) on Indonesia’s non-oil exports performance. The method used in this study is random effect model of demand functions using  non-oil and gas export value, and  non-oil and gas export share of Indonesia in trading partner countries as the indicators of Indonesia’s export performance. The results indicate that the presence of Atdag and ITPC  gave a positive and significant effect to improve exports. The value of Indonesia’s non-oil and gas exports, and the share of Indonesia’s non-oil exports with some partner countries of Atdag and ITPC are higher compared to countries without Atdag and ITPC. Moreover, the amount of budget received by the trade representative also has a positive and significant effect on the export performance.Therefore, the government should strengthen and develop Atdag and ITPC in order to boost export by increasing the budget and the number of trade representatives abroad. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf "application/pdf" "application/pdf" https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/53 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.53 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2016); 203-224 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 2 (2016); 203-224 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/53/42 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/53/210 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/53/211 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/54 2019-10-26T11:43:39Z bilp:ART

DETERMINANTS OF INDONESIA’S EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS Kahfi, Ahmad Sohibil Ekspor Produk Manufaktur Nilai Tukar Real GDP Regresi Data Panel Random Effect Model Manufacturing Export Real Exchange Rate Panel Data Regression F14 F31 F41 Nilai ekspor Indonesia terus mengalami penurunan sejak 2012. Masalah ini menarik perhatian pemerintah Indonesia untuk segera meningkatkan performa ekspor, dimana salah satu sektor yang dapat ditingkatkan adalah sektor manufaktur. Studi ini menganalisis faktor penentu ekspor manufaktur di Indonesia sejak 2005 sampai 2014. Faktor utama yang dianalisis antara lain adalah nilai tukar rupiah, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP), dan kebijakan perdagangan. Faktor tersebut dianalisis menggunakan regresi data panel dengan pendekatan random effect model. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa perubahan relatif dari nilai tukar, real GDP, jarak dua negara, dan tarif secara signifikan memengaruhi ekspor manufaktur di Indonesia. Beberapa rekomendasi terkait untuk pemerintah Indonesia antara lain adalah dengan menjaga ekspor Indonesia ke negara-negara yang memiliki GDP tinggi, memperluas pasar ekspor Indonesia, menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar rupiah, mendukung industri lokal menggunakan teknologi maju, dan mendukung penyederhanaan proses impor. Indonesia’s export has been decreasing since 2012. This problem has raised government’s attention to increase the export performance. One sector that can be improved is manufacturing. This study analyzes the determinants of Indonesia’s manufacturing export from 2005 to 2014. The major factors examined in this study include real exchange rate, foreign direct investment (FDI), gross domestic product (GDP) and trade policies. Those factors are examined by using panel data regression with a random effect model. The results revealed that relative change of exchange rate, real GDP, distance between two countries and average tariffs significantly affected the Indonesia’s manufacturing export. It is recommended that Indonesian government maintains the exports to countries which have high GDP, expand the export market, stabilize Rupiahs exchange rate, encourage local industries to use advanced technologies, and facilitate the simplification of import procedures. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf "application/pdf" "application/pdf" https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/54 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.54 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2016); 187-202 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 2 (2016); 187-202 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/54/44 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/54/212 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/54/213 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/55 2019-10-26T11:43:01Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS INTEGRASI HARGA LADA DI PASAR DOMESTIK DAN INTERNASIONAL Fazaria, Dewi Asrini Hakim, Dedi Budiman Sahara, Sahara Integrasi Pasar VECM Lada Putih Lada Hitam Market Integration White Pepper Black Pepper F15 Q11 Q17 Lada merupakan produk komoditas ekspor Indonesia yang diekspor ke berbagai negara. Ketergantungan lada Indonesia pada pasar ekspor menjadikan harga lada domestik mengikuti fluktuasi harga lada di pasar dunia meskipun harga lada di pasar domestik tidak selalu linier dengan harga lada dunia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keterkaitan harga lada Indonesia dengan harga lada internasional. Data yang digunakan adalah data bulanan dari tahun 1990-2014 dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa harga lada hitam lokal dan lada hitam spot memiliki hubungan integrasi baik pada jangka panjang maupun pendek. Sementara pengaruh timbal balik terjadi pada harga lada putih. Harga lada putih lokal terintegrasi dengan harga lada putih ekspor dan harga lada putih spot baik pada jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Penyaluran informasi harga yang lancar dan dapat diakses oleh setiap pelaku pemasaran sangat perlu untuk diupayakan. Diharapkan dengan adanya kelancaran informasi, pelaku pemasaran khususnya yang berada di tingkat lokal memiliki posisi tawar yang semakin kuat serta dapat terhindar dari praktek yang menyebabkan timbulnya market power dalam pemasaran lada. Pepper is one of the Indonesian commodities which has been exported to various countries.The dependence of Indonesia’s exporting pepper has caused the domestic price of pepper to follow the fluctuations of the world’s market price, even though the domestic price is not necessarily linked to the world market. This study aims to find out the relation between the domestic pepper price to the world’s market price. The data were from 1990-2014 and were analyzed using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method.The results indicated that the price of local black pepper and spot black pepper had good integration relationship in long and short term. Besides, the mutual relation occurs in white pepper price. The price of local white pepper is related to the exported one, and is also related to the price of spot white pepper both in short term and long term. Good distribution of pepper and access to current pricing information is necessary to be done. By using a good access to information, marketing actors especially those at local marketing level will have a stronger bargaining position and therefore it can avoid practices that might cause market power in  pepper market. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/55 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.55 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2016); 225-242 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 2 (2016); 225-242 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/55/45 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/56 2019-10-26T11:42:23Z bilp:ART

POSISI DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KINERJA JASA PERGUDANGAN DI INDONESIA Wicaksena, Bagus Jasa Pergudangan Logistik SWOT SEM dengan PLS Warehouse Services Logistic D23 D40 O25 Jasa pergudangan merupakan sektor usaha yang diperlukan untuk merespon perubahan tren logistik, potensi pertumbuhan perdagangan, serta tuntutan efisiensi dalam menghadapi liberalisasi sektor jasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi dan faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja jasa pergudangan sehingga kebijakan yang efektif dapat dirumuskan, mengingat jasa pergudangan bersifat lintas sektoral. Untuk mengetahui posisi jasa pergudangan, digunakan analisis SWOT, sedangkan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kinerja jasa pergudangan digunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Berdasarkan analisis SWOT, ekspansi jasa pergudangan Indonesia melalui peningkatan kualitas SDM, penerapan teknologi, dan klasterisasi daerah pergudangan perlu dilakukan, sehingga peluang yang ada dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Hasil analisis SEM dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) menunjukkan bahwa variabel kebijakan perpajakan dan upah merupakan faktor yang paling signifikan dalam mendukung ekspansi jasa pergudangan. Untuk itu, kebijakan yang dapat menimbulkan pajak ganda, misalnya pembebanan pajak penghasilan pada setiap proses logistik untuk satu produk, harus dihindari. Penetapan upah minimum regional tidak perlu dinaikkan karena dapat menghambat ekspansi usaha. Warehouse service is a business sector which plays a significant role in addressing some changes in logistic trend, potentials of trade growth, and the needs of efficiency as a result of services trade liberalization. This study aims at finding out positions and enabling factors which affect warehouse services performance. These are needed to formulate an effective policy since warehouse services operation is inter-sectoral. SWOT analysis is used to analyse the positions of warehouse services, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is used to identify enabling factors of warehouse services. SWOT analysis shows that warehouse services in Indonesia needs to be expanded by human resource development, technology, and warehousing cluster policy in order to grab maximum opportunities. The results of Structural Equation Modeling with Partial Least Square finds tax shows that tax policy variable and regional wage appears to be the most significant variable that supports expansion of warehouse services. Therefore, any policies that potentially cause double taxation, such as the imposition of income tax of one product in every logistic process must be eliminated. Besides, regional minimum wage should not be increased as it would hamper the business expansion. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf "application/pdf" "application/pdf" https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/56 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.56 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2016); 243-266 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 2 (2016); 243-266 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/56/46 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/56/214 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/56/215 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/61 2019-10-26T11:41:46Z bilp:ART

DETERMINAN DAN EKUIVALEN TARIF IMPOR JASA FINANSIAL DAN ASURANSI NEGARA RCEP Azhari, Meidah Widyastutik, Widyastutik Perdagangan Jasa Finansial dan Asuransi Hambatan Perdagangan Gravity Model RCEP Trade in Services Finance and Insurance Trade Barriers G20 G22 F10 F13 F14 Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) merupakan bentuk kerjasama yang diinisiasi ASEAN pada tahun 2012. Jasa finansial dan asuransi merupakan salah satu sektor jasa yang memiliki peran penting terhadap stabilitas perekonomian dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi impor jasa finansial dan asuransi serta melakukan estimasi ekuivalen tarif untuk melihat seberapa besar hambatan dalam perdagangan jasa pada masing-masing negara RCEP. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan gravity model dengan analisis regresi data panel. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari data dasar Global Trade Analysis Projects (GTAP) dan Centre d’Etudes Prospectives et d’Informations Internationales (CEPII). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PDB, jarak, bahasa, dan sejarah kolonial signifikan memengaruhi impor. Estimasi ekuivalen tarif menunjukkan bahwa Selandia Baru, Filipina, RRT, India, dan Korea Selatan merupakan negara yang memiliki hambatan perdagangan paling tinggi. Kesamaan bahasa dan sejarah kolonial merupakan faktor yang memiliki pengaruh paling besar terhadap perdagangan. Untuk itu perlu adanya upaya dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penggunaan bahasa asing serta menjalin hubungan yang baik antara negara yang memiliki kesamaan sejarah kolonial. Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a framework agreement which was initiated by ASEAN on 2012. Financial and insurance service is a service sector which has an important role in the world economic stability.The purpose of this study is to analyze the determinants of import in financial and insurance services and to estimate tariff equivalent in each member of RCEP. This study employs Gravity model approach with regression analysis of panel data.The data were obtained from Global Trade Analysis Projects (GTAP) and Centre d’Etudes Prospectives et d’Informations Internationales(CEPII).The results indicate that GDP, distance, common language, and common colony have a significant effect on import. The estimation of tariff equivalent shows that New Zealand, Philippines, China, India, and South Korea are countries with the highest trade barriers. This study concludes that the similarities of language and historical background among countries are the factors that have the highest influence in trade.Therefore, increasing the use of foreign language and establishing better relationships between countries with the same colonial history are crucial to be done. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2016-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf "application/pdf" "application/pdf" https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/61 10.30908/bilp.v10i2.61 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2016); 147-166 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 10 No 2 (2016); 147-166 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v10i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/61/43 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/61/216 https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/61/217 Copyright (c) 2016 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/66 2019-10-26T11:36:15Z bilp:ART

THE IMPACT OF WORLD CPO PRICE CHANGE TOWARDS PRICES, ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION IN INDONESIA Winardi, Wisnu Susanto, Hadi Martana, Kadim CPO World Price CGE Models Price Taker Price Influencer D58 E31 F47 Paper ini menganalisis dampak perubahan harga CPO dunia terhadap harga-harga, aktivitas ekonomi, dan distribusi pendapatan rumah tangga di Indonesia dengan pendekatan model CGE. Model pertama mengasumsikan Indonesia tidak mampu memengaruhi harga, sedangkan model kedua mengasumsikan Indonesia mampu memengaruhi harga. Data utama yang digunakan bersumber dari Tabel Sistem Neraca Sosial Ekonomi Indonesia tahun 2008. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa apabila Indonesia berperan sebagai penerima harga, peningkatan harga CPO dunia diperkirakan akan berdampak pada penguatan nilai tukar, penurunan tingkat harga, dan meningkatkan aktivitas ekonomi, namun sedikit mengurangi kemerataan distribusi pendapatan. Di sisi lain, penurunan harga CPO dunia akan memberikan dampak yang sebaliknya. Apabila Indonesia dapat berperan memengaruhi harga, perubahan harga CPO dunia diperkirakan akan berdampak sama dengan bila Indonesia tidak dapat memengaruhi harga, namun dengan nilai perubahan yang relatif lebih kecil. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa Indonesia sebaiknya dapat berperan sebagai penerima harga ketika harga CPO dunia bertendensi meningkat dan berperan memengahuhi harga ketika harga CPO dunia bertendensi turun. This paper analyzes the impact of world CPO change price towards prices, economic activities, and household income distribution using CGE Models. The first model assumes that Indonesia is a price taker, while the second model assumes that Indonesia could influence the price. The main data were taken from Indonesian Social Accounting Matrix 2008. The simulation results suggest that if Indonesia takes the role as a price taker, an increase in world CPO price will affect exchange rate, decrease prices, and improve economic activities, but it slightly worsened household income distribution. On the other hand, a decrease in world CPO price will bring about the opposite impacts respectively. Conversely, if Indonesia takes the role as a main price influencer, world CPO price change will lead to a similar result with less magnitude impacts. These findings suggest that Indonesia should be able to take the role as a price taker when world CPO price is increasing and as a main price influencer when world CPO price is decreasing. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2017-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/66 10.30908/bilp.v11i2.66 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 11 No. 2 (2017); 207-226 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 11 No 2 (2017); 207-226 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v11i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/66/148 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/72 2019-10-26T11:41:01Z bilp:ART

APAKAH SUNK COST ENTRY BERPENGARUH PADA EKSPOR INDONESIA KE SINGAPURA?: PENDEKATAN AGGREGATE Muslim, Azis F21 C22 C32 O24 C46 Ekspor Export Sunk Cost Entry Histerisis Structural Break Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bagi Indonesia, Singapura telah lama dikenal sebagai negara perantara (intermediary) perdagangan untuk ekspor maupun impor. Secara umum sunk cost entry to export merupakan pertimbangan untuk masuk ke pasar ekspor, namun dalam kondisi terdapatnya perantara perdagangan apakah sunk cost entry to export tidak menjadi pertimbangan untuk masuk ke pasar ekspor? Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk menguji apakah sunk cost entry berpengaruh atau tidak untuk ekspor Indonesia ke Singapura. Model penelitian menggunakan model histerisis Baldwin-Krugman dengan pertimbangan penggunaan data aggregate dan lonjakan nilai tukar. Metode yang digunakan adalah perubahan koefisien pada saat structural break sedangkan nilainya diestimasi dengan model regresi Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sunk cost entry tidak memengaruhi ekspor Indonesia ke Singapura atau dengan kata lain tidak menjadi pertimbangan memasuki pasar ekspor Singapura. Temuan tersebut bermanfaat bagi eksportir dengan modal terbatas untuk menggunakan Singapura sebagai intermediary. Pemerintah sebagai fasilitator dapat menyarankan kepada eksportir pemula terutama eksportir dengan modal terbatas untuk menjadikan Singapura sebagai perantara dalam perdagangan. Singapore has been known as an intermediary country for Indonesia’s export and import trade. Sunk cost entry is one of the exporter considerations to enter an export market. However, if there is an intermediary trade, does sunk cost still become a consideration? The purpose of this study is to examine whether the sunk cost entry affects Indonesian export to Singapore or not. This study uses Baldwin-Krugman’s Hysteresis model due to an aggregate data usage and a surge in the exchange rate. This study uses the coefficient changes method since structural break is happening and its value is estimated by the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) regression model. The result shows that sunk cost does not affect Indonesian exports to Singapore, or in another word it does not become a consideration to enter Singapore markets. It is important that the exporters with limited capital use Singapore as an intermediary. The Government should propose beginner exporters to choose Singapore as the intermediary country trade. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2017-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/72 10.30908/bilp.v11i1.72 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 11 No. 1 (2017); 21-42 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 11 No 1 (2017); 21-42 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v11i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/72/145 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/73 2019-10-26T11:39:43Z bilp:ART

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI PERMINTAAN DAN EFEKTIVITAS KEBIJAKAN IMPOR GARAM INDONESIA Jamil, Ahmad Syariful Tinaprilla, Netti Suharno, . Produksi Garam Permintaan Impor Indonesia Kebijakan Impor Garam Indonesia Salt Production Indonesia Import Demand Salt Import Policy of Indonesia C23 Q11 Q17 Garam merupakan komoditas strategis Indonesia yang permintaannya akan terus meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk. Adanya ketidakseimbangan antara kebutuhan garam dalam negeri dengan produksi garam domestik mendorong pemerintah untuk melakukan impor garam. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi volume permintaan dan efektivitas kebijakan impor garam Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel dari tahun 2004-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap volume permintaan impor garam Indonesia yaitu: produksi garam domestik, harga garam impor, Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) riil Indonesia, PDB riil negara sumber impor dan nilai tukar riil. Produksi garam domestik dan harga garam impor memiliki hubungan yang negatif dengan volume impor, sedangkan variabel lainnya memiliki hubungan yang positif. Temuan lain adalah kebijakan impor yang telah dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah belum sepenuhnya efektif diterapkan pada saat studi ini dilakukan. Rekomendasi kebijakan yang seharusnya dapat diterapkan oleh pemerintah yaitu sinkronisasi data, penguatan pengawasan kebijakan impor, serta intensifikasi dan ekstensifikasi lahan untuk meningkatkan produksi garam domestik. Salt is a strategic commodity which its demand will continue to increase along with the increasing population. The imbalance between the demand and the supply of salt in Indonesia encourages the government to import salt. This study aimed to analyze: the factors that influence the demand of salt import, the effectiveness of salt import and alternative formulation of domestic salt policies. The panel regression model was conducted to address the problem. The study found that the variables that significantly influenced the import demand of salt in Indonesia were domestic salt production, imported salt price, real GDP of Indonesia, real GDP of importing source country and real exchange rate. Domestic salt production and imported salt price had a negative relationship towards import volume, while other variables had a positive relationship. Another finding is that the goverment policy of importing salt has not been fully implemented at the time of this study.  The policies that should be further improved by the goverment can be done by synchronizing the  data, strenghtening the monitoring import policy, land intensification and extension support in order to produce salt. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2017-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/73 10.30908/bilp.v11i1.73 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 11 No. 1 (2017); 43-68 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 11 No 1 (2017); 43-68 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v11i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/73/142 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/79 2019-10-26T11:39:06Z bilp:ART

DAYA SAING DAN PERAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN DAYA SAING KOMODITI KAKAO DI SULAWESI TENGAH Arfah, Siti Yuliaty Chansa ., Harianto ., Suharno Daya Saing Biji Kakao Policy Analysis Matrix Competitiveness Cocoa F10 F14 Q17 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji daya saing komoditi kakao di Sulawesi Tengah dan melihat peran pemerintah dalam meningkatkan daya saing komoditi kakao. Data primer berasal dari observasi, wawancara dan kuesioner, sementara data sekunder berasal dari instansi terkait. Metode analisis menggunakan Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) dan analisis sensitivitas. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai PCR Kabupaten Parigi Moutong 0,589 dan Kabupaten Sigi 0,396. Sedangkan nilai DRC Kabupaten Parigi Moutong 0,387 dan Kabupaten Sigi 0,319. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa usahatani komoditi kakao di Sulawesi Tengah memiliki daya saing, namun tidak menguntungkan secara ekonomi karena Sulawesi Tengah menghasilkan biji kakao yang tidak difermentasi akibatnya petani menerima harga rendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, pemerintah belum memberikan proteksi terhadap harga biji kakao dalam negeri melalui harga referensi biji kakao sehingga harga biji kakao didaerah penelitian masih tergolong rendah jika dibandingkan dengan harga di pasar internasional. Sementara terhadap input, pemerintah telah memberikan kebijakan subsidi kepada petani, namun implementasinya masih perlu perbaikan terutama terkait penyaluran dan pengelolaan bantuan agar merata. Kajian ini merekomendasikan masih diperlukan kebijakan pemerintah baik terhadap input maupun output untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, menurunkan biaya produksi dan menaikkan harga jual biji kakao, sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya saing biji kakao. The purpose of this study is to assess the competitiveness of cocoa in Central Sulawesi and to investigate the role of government in improving the competitiveness of cocoa. The primary data were generated through observation, interviews and some questionnaires. The secondary data were obtained from the agency or the institution related to the research. This study uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) and sensitivity analysis. The study found that the PCR value for Parigi Moutong district was 0.589 and Sigi district was 0.396. While, the DRC value for Parigi Moutong district was 0.387 and Sigi district was 0.319. This indicates that cocoa beans farming in Central Sulawesi has competitiveness, but not economically beneficial because Central Sulawesi produces unfermented cocoa beans consequently farmers receive low prices. Based on the results of the government's impact on output analysis, the government did not provide protection for domestic cocoa seed prices through the reference price of cocoa beans, consequently the price of domestic cocoa beans, particularly in the research area, was relatively low compared to the price of cocoa beans at the international market. Seen from the government policy on inputs, the government have provided subsidies to farmers but they need to improve the distribution and management of aid to be evenly distributed. It is necessary to set up good government policy on inputs and outputs in order to increase cocoa seed productivity, decrease production cost and increase the price which simultaneously can improve its competitiveness in the research location. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2017-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/79 10.30908/bilp.v11i1.79 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 11 No. 1 (2017); 69-96 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 11 No 1 (2017); 69-96 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v11i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/79/146 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/81 2019-10-26T12:01:43Z bilp:ART

PENGELOMPOKAN KOMODITI BAHAN PANGAN POKOK DENGAN METODE ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS Prabowo, Dwi Wahyuniarti Pangan Pokok Kriteria Bahan Pangan Pokok Analytical Hierarchy Process Staple Food D01 D10 E64 Pemerintah sampai saat ini belum memiliki daftar komoditi bahan pangan pokok (Bapok) yang konsisten. Terdapat perbedaan pandangan tentang komoditi Bapok antar lembaga pemerintah, misalnya Surat Keputusan Menteri Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian No. Kep28/M.EKON/05/2010 dan Renstra Kementerian Perdagangan 2010-2014 memasukkan komoditi Bapok yang berbeda. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mencari kriteria penentuan suatu komoditi untuk dikategorikan sebagai Bapok dan mengusulkan komoditi-komoditi potensial untuk Bapok dengan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process. Hasil temuan menyimpulkan enam kriteria penentu komoditas sebagai Bapok yaitu pangsa pengeluaran komoditi dalam pengeluaran pangan rumah tangga; kontribusi kandungan komoditi terhadap karbohidrat; konsumsi terhadap protein; frekuensi konsumsi; kontribusi konsumsi komoditi terhadap vitamin dan mineral; serta pangsa produksi domestik terhadap konsumsi. Berdasarkan kriteria tersebut, calon Bapok yang diusulkan adalah beras, telur ayam ras, kedelai (tahu dan tempe), daging ayam ras, ikan kembung segar, ikan bandeng segar, gula pasir, susu, minyak goreng, dan terigu. The government still does not have consistent list of commodities that classified  as staple food. There is a difference view on the staple foods among government institutions. The Economic Coordinating Ministry’s decision letter No. Kep-28/M.EKON/05/2010 and The Ministry of Trade Strategic Plan 2010-2014 for example, listed diiferent kind of staple foods. The aim of this paper is to identify the criteria of commodity which can be classified as staple food  and to identify potential commodities that can be included as staple food by using Analytical Hierarchy Process. Six criteria of staple food are  expenditure share of food in household spending; contribution to carbohydrate; consumption of the protein; frequency of consumption; contribution to vitamins and minerals; as well as the share of domestic production to consumption. Based on these criterias, the candidates of proposed staple foods are rice, eggs, tofu and tempe, chicken meat, fresh mackerel, fresh milk, fish, sugar, milk, cooking oil, and wheat flour. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/81 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.81 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 163-182 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 163-182 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/81/47 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/82 2019-10-26T12:01:05Z bilp:ART

PERSEPSI NATIONAL BRANDING SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KINERJA EKSPOR KE JEPANG DAN AUSTRALIA Rahayu, Sri Arianti, Reni Kristina National Branding Persepsi National Branding Nilai Budaya Nilai Ekonomis Citra Produk F1 F2 F6 M1 M2 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kaitan persepsi national branding dengan upaya meningkatkan kinerja ekspor yang diukur dari nilai-nilai budaya dan nilai ekonomis produk Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui survei kepada responden yang berdomisili di Tokyo dan Sydney dengan menggunakan teknik convenience sampling. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran persepsi masyarakat internasional, khususnya Jepang dan Australia, terkait nilai budaya yang menjadi cerminan bangsa Indonesia, serta sudut pandang nilai ekonomis berdasarkan brand equity dari produk ekspor yang didasarkan pada persepsi terhadap product country image, dan product association to the country of origin. This study aims to find relationship of the national branding perception and effort to enhance the export performance, from cultural and economic value perspective of Indonesian products. This study utilized a quantitative approach through survey for selected respondents in Tokyo and Sydney, using convenience-sampling technique. The research finding provides an overview of how the international community, especially those who lives in Japan and Australia, perceives the cultural and economic value of Indonesia based on brand equity, product-country image, and product association to the country of origin. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/82 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.82 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 183-208 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 183-208 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/82/48 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/83 2019-10-27T11:27:34Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS PENENTUAN PELABUHAN IMPOR PRODUK HORTIKULTURA: APLIKASI METODE ECKENRODE Salam, Aziza Rahmaniar Impor Hortikultura Kriteria Pelabuhan Import Horticulture Port Criteria F10 F13 L90 Tulisan ini mengkaji kriteria pelabuhan impor sebagai pintu masuk produk hortikultura. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode pembobotan Eckenrode yaitu metode pembobotan yang digunakan untuk menentukan derajat kepentingan dari setiap kriteria yang ditetapkan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Dengan metode tersebut diperoleh hasil bahwa kriteria utama dari pelabuhan yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pintu masuk impor produk hortikultura adalah (1) kriteria keamanan, ketahanan, dan pelayanan pelabuhan, (2) kriteria ketersediaan sumber daya manusia, (3) kriteria fasilitas pelabuhan laut, (4) kriteria proteksi terhadap produk lokal, dan (5) kriteria wilayah perairan untuk pelabuhan laut. Kriteria pelabuhan tersebut dapat dijadikan rujukan bagi pengambil keputusan untuk menentukan pelabuhan yang akan ditetapkan sebagai pintu masuk impor produk hortikultura. Diharapkan bahwa beberapa pelabuhan seperti Belawan, Tanjung Perak, Batu Ampar, Soekarno Hatta dan Bitung dapat memenuhi kriteria sebagai pelabuhan impor dengan meningkatkan fasilitas pelabuhan laut dan wilayah perairan untuk pelabuhan laut, diantaranya fasilitas untuk tempat sandar kapal, pengembangan pelabuhan dan tempat karantina. This paper studies the criteria for determining port of the imported horticultural products. The study uses Eckenrode weighting analysis to indicate the degree of the importance of each of the selected criteria. The results find that the main criteria of the port to be eligible as an entrance point of the imported horticultural products are (1) Security, Resilience, and Service Ports, (2) Human Resource Availability, (3) Seaport Facilities, (4) Protection Against Local Products, and (5) Port Inland Sea Region. This paper suggests that several ports, namely, Belawan, Tanjung Perak, Batu Ampar, Soekarno Hatta and Bitung are qualified if these ports are able to increase facilities of sea ports and marine waters for sea ports which include facilities to berth the ship, port development and the place of quarantine. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/83 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.83 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 1-24 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 1-24 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/83/49 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/84 2019-10-26T12:05:32Z bilp:ART

PELUANG EKSPOR JASA INDONESIA KE JEPANG MELALUI MODE 3 (COMMERCIAL PRESENCE) DAN MODE 4 (MOVEMENT OF NATURAL PERSONS) PADA KERJASAMA IJEPA Fawaiq, Muhammad Pemanfaatan IJEPA Peluang Ekspor Perdagangan Jasa Utilization Export’s Opportunities Trade in Services F13 F14 F16 F21 F24 Kemitraan ekonomi Indonesia dan Jepang (IJEPA) telah diratifikasi pada tahun 2008. Dalam lima tahun implementasinya, pemanfaatan sektor jasa Jepang oleh Indonesia hanya terbatas pada jasa perawat dan caregiver. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan informasi mengenai komitmen Jepang dan identifikasi sektor jasa yang dibuka oleh Jepang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk membandingkan komitmen antara Indonesia dengan Jepang dan metode Indeks Hoekman untuk memetakan tingkat komitmen sektor jasa kedua negara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jepang membuka 137 sub sektor dan rata-rata sebanyak 100 sub sektor diantaranya dibuka tanpa persyaratan. Peluang ekspor tertinggi Indonesia ke Jepang pada moda 3 dan moda 4 yaitu 27 sub sektor jasa bisnis, lima sub sektor jasa komunikasi, dua sub sektor jasa pendidikan, empat sub sektor jasa lingkungan, tiga sub sektor jasa pariwisata, empat sub sektor jasa rekreasi, budaya dan olah raga, enam sub sektor jasa transportasi dan lima sub sektor jasa lainnya. Untuk dapat memanfaatkan peluang tersebut maka pemerintah Indonesia perlu mempromosikan sektor jasanya ke Jepang dan melakukan negosiasi lanjutan terkait penghapusan hambatan-hambatan lain di sektor jasa. Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) has been ratified in 2008. During the 5 years-implementation, Indonesia has been utilizing nurse and caregiver sectors. This research aims to review Japan’s commitment on trade in services and to identify which sectors/sub-sectors that could benefit Indonesia. Descriptive analysis is used to compare the commitments in services sector between Indonesia and Japan and Hoekman Index to map the degree of commitments. The results showed that Japan has committed to open 137 subsectors and to give full commitment to 100 subsectors. Among the services subsectors that can be utilized by Indonesia through Mode 3 (commercial presence) and Mode 4 (movement of natural person) are 27 in businesses, five in communication, two in education, four in recreation, six in transportation and five in other services. This study recommends Indonesia to promote her services sector to Japan and to negotiate in reducing other barriers in services sector. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/84 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.84 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 25-50 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 25-50 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/84/50 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/85 2019-10-26T12:04:54Z bilp:ART

PERKEMBANGAN NERACA PERDAGANGAN DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA Ginting, Ari Mulianta Neraca Perdagangan Vector Error Correction Model Perdagangan Luar Negeri Foreign Direct Investment Trade Balance International Trade F10 F31 F40 Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan neraca perdagangan Indonesia dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya selama periode Kuartal I tahun 2006 sampai dengan Kuartal II tahun 2013 menggunakan Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Neraca perdagangan Indonesia menunjukkan perkembangan yang positif dalam kurun waktu 2006-2011, dan pertumbuhan negatif selama periode 2012-2013. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa baik dalam jangka panjang maupun jangka pendek, konsumsi domestik dan nilai tukar riil berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap neraca perdagangan Indonesia, sedangkan variabel Investasi Asing Langsung dan PDB Negara lain berpengaruh positif. Nilai error correction model yang negatif dan signifikan menunjukkan adanya koreksi dari pergerakan variabel pada keseimbangan jangka panjang. Hal ini mengindikasikan pentingnya pemerintah untuk mengeluarkan kebijakan yang tepat untuk mengatasi defisit neraca perdagangan Indonesia, antara lain menjaga stabilitas nilai tukar, mengendalikan konsumsi masyarat terhadap barang impor, dan menarik Foreign Direct Investment. This paper examines the development of Indonesia’s trade balance and its determinant factors from the first quarter of 2006 to the second quarter of 2013 using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The development of trade balance from the year 2006-2011 has shown a positive trend. However between the year 2012 and 2013, the trade balance has been negative.The analysis shows that both in the short run and the long run,the domestic consumption and Real Exchage Rate have negative and significant influence on Indonesia’s trade balance. Whilst Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign GDP have positive effect. The coefficient of Error Correction Model is negative and significant implying that there is correction movement from those variabels in the long run. This study suggests that the Government should make the right policy to overcome the deficit of trade balance by maintaining including exchange rate stability,and household consumption of imported goods as well as by attracting Foreign Direct Investment. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/85 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.85 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 51-72 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 51-72 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/85/51 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/86 2019-10-26T12:00:29Z bilp:ART

PERBEDAAN TEKNOLOGI PRODUKSI: IMPLIKASI PADA KONTEN FAKTOR PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA-AMERIKA SERIKAT Sitorus, Berlian Indonesia-AS Intensitas faktor Input-Output Teknologi Produksi Factor Intensity Production Technology F10 F11 O11 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan teknologi produksi antara Amerika Serikat (AS) dan Indonesia, khususnya untuk mengestimasi intensitas faktor produksi pada perdagangan bilateral kedua negara berdasarkan persyaratan Leamer (1980). Model penelitian mengacu pada definisi konten faktor perdagangan dari Trefler & Zhu (2010) berdasarkan data World Input-Output Database (WIOD) yang diuji dengan asumsi teknologi sama dan pada saat teknologi berbeda. Dalam konten faktor perdagangan bilateral, upah pekerja AS 16 kali upah pekerja Indonesia, namun secara total, rata-rata akses modal tenaga kerja AS 23 kali rata-rata akses modal tenaga kerja Indonesia dan nilai tambah dari tenaga kerja di AS 35 kali lebih tinggi dibanding di Indonesia. Dengan memperhitungkan produktivitas faktor produksi berdasarkan nilai tambah tersebut, ternyata Indonesia padat modal dan AS padat karya; dan disimpulkan juga bahwa teknologi produksi yang digunakan di AS berbeda dengan di Indonesia. Selama 2000-2009, sebagian besar, yaitu sekitar 84,57% dari 35 sektor produksi yang diamati adalah padat modal. Untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tenaga kerja, penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar modal dan teknologi yang baru diprioritaskan ke sektor-sektor yang masih rendah produktivitasnya seperti sektor pertanian sehingga pada gilirannya akan menambah volume dan nilai tambah ekspor Indonesia. This study aims to compare the production technology between the United States and Indonesia, especially to estimate the factor intensity of production on bilateral trade based on the Leamer’s requirements (1980). The research model refers to the definition of trade factor content of trade of Trefler and Zhu (2010) based on data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD). The model was tested based on two technology assumptions, similar technology and different technology. On the bilateral trade factor content, the labor prices of the U.S. was 16 times than Indonesian; however in overall, the average of capital access per labor of the U.S. was 23 times than Indonesian and the labor productivity in the U.S. was 35 times higher than in Indonesia. By accounting the production factors productivity based on value-added in exportimport of goods and services, Indonesia is capital intensive and the U.S. is labor intensive; and the production technology used in the U.S. is unlike that one used in Indonesia. In the period of 2000-2009, the production sectors, which are classified as capital intensive are around 84.57 percent. To increase labor productivity, the study recommends that the new capital stocks and technology should be prioritized to the sectors that are still low in productivity such as agriculture, which in turn will increase the volume and exports value-added of Indonesia. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/86 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.86 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 209-228 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 209-228 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/86/52 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/87 2019-10-26T12:04:17Z bilp:ART

ASEAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT IMPLEMENTATION FOR INDONESIAN TRADING PERFORMANCE: A GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH Effendi, Yuventus Indonesia FTA Trading Performance Gravity Model Stochastic Frontier Analysis F14 F15 F18 Salah satu tujuan dari pelaksanaan AFTA adalah untuk mengurangi hambatan perdagangan dengan mengurangi tarif impor antar anggota ASEAN dengan asumsi bahwa jika tarif lebih rendah atau nol, seharusnya terdapat peningkatan nilai perdagangan antara anggota ASEAN. Penelitian ini menguji apakah pelaksanaan AFTA memiliki dampak pada kinerja ekspor Indonesia dan kontribusi kendala di belakang perbatasan (behind the border constraints) terhadap kinerja ekspor Indonesia seperti administrasi bea dan cukai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan model gravitasi dengan analisis stochastic frontier yang berbeda dari penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya tentang kinerja perdagangan Indonesia yang menggunakan estimasi OLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, secara empiris, GDP , jarak, populasi, nilai tukar, tarif, dan keanggotaan di ASEAN signifikan mempengaruhi perdagangan Indonesia dengan negara partner. Lebih lanjut, hasil estimasi stochastic frontier menunjukkan bahwa kendala di belakang perbatasan menurun setiap tahunnya. Namun, ekspor Indonesia masih under trade dengan semua negara ASEAN yang mengindikasikan rendahnya pemanfaatan AFTA. Di sisi lain, ekspor Indonesia over trade dengan Cina dan hampir berada di tingkat yang optimal dengan Amerika Serikat, Jepang, dan Belanda. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pemerintah Indonesia harus mempromosikan lebih banyak ekspor dengan negara-negara ASEAN untuk mencapai tujuan dari deklarasi AFTA dua dekade lalu. One objective of the AFTA implementation is to reduce trading constraints by reducing import tariffs among ASEAN’s members with the assumption that if tariffs are lower or zero, there should be an increase in intra-trading value among ASEAN members. This study examines whether the implementation of the AFTA has had any impact on Indonesia’s export performance and ‘behind the border’ constraints contribution in Indonesia’s exports such as customs administrations. The study uses the gravity model approach with a stochastic frontier analysis which is different from previous research about Indonesia’s trading performance that uses OLS estimation. The results show that, empirically, GDP, distance, population, exchange rate, and membership in ASEAN significantly affect Indonesia’s trading with partner country. Furthermore, stochastic frontier analysis’ results show that ‘behind the border’ constraints decrease overtime. However, Indonesia’s exports is under trade with all ASEAN countries which indicates the low utilisation of AFTA. On the other hand, Indonesia’s exports are over trade with China and almost at optimal level of exports with the US, Japan, and the Netherlands. The implication of this study is that the Indonesian government should promote more exports with ASEAN countries to accomplish the objectives of the AFTA declaration two decades ago. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/87 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.87 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 73-92 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 73-92 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/87/53 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/88 2019-10-26T11:59:51Z bilp:ART

KOINTEGRASI EKSPOR IMPOR INDONESIA, 1970 - 2013 Muslim, Azis Ekspor Impor Neraca Perdagangan Kointegrasi export import Trade Balance Cointegration C22 C32 F14 O24 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat kointegrasi antara ekspor dan impor di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Uji Kointegrasi Gregory-Hansen dengan pertimbangan adanya structural break berdasarkan pada data tahunan ekspor impor Indonesia dari tahun 1970 sampai dengan 2013. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa tidak terjadi kointegrasi antara ekspor dan impor. Hal ini berarti bahwa Indonesia menghadapi masalah neraca pembayaran, serta defisit perdagangan yang terjadi bukan merupakan fenomena jangka pendek. This research aims to investigate empirically the existence of Indonesian export import cointegration. This Research used the Gregory-Hansen cointegration analysis due to structural break based on Indonesia Export import annual data (period of 1970-2013 ). The results showed that there is no-cointegration of Indonesia export and import which means that Indonesia is facing international budget constraint and trade deficit isn’t a short term phenomenon. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/88 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.88 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 229-246 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 229-246 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/88/54 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/89 2019-10-26T12:03:33Z bilp:ART

PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL DAN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT DI INDONESIA Safitriani, Suci FDI Perdagangan Internasional Kausalitas Granger VECM Impulse Response Variance Decomoposition International Trade F13 F14 F21 Invesment (FDI) di Indonesia dengan menggunakan analisis regresi secara terpisah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan satu arah antara ekspor dan FDI dan terdapat hubungan dua arah antara impor dan FDI di Indonesia. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa FDI memberikan dampak jangka panjang yang positif terhadap ekspor, sementara dalam jangka pendek, FDI berdampak negatif terhadap ekspor. Namun dalam hal impor, ditemukan bahwa FDI memiliki dampak positif terhadap impor meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Oleh karena itu pemerintah perlu mengambil langkah untuk meningkatkan FDI di Indonesia, tidak hanya pada sektor domestik tetapi juga pada sektor yang berorientasi ekspor. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the flow of the international trade and foreign direct investment in Indonesia using a separate Regression analysis. The study found that there is a significant relation between export and FDI and between import and FDI. However, the effect of FDI on the export in the long run is positive while in the short run it was found negative and insignificant. Therefore, the Government needs to formulate policies to promote FDI at both national level as well as at the international level. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/89 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.89 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 93-116 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 93-116 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/89/55 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/90 2019-10-26T12:02:56Z bilp:ART

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NILAI IMPOR KEDELAI INDONESIA Muslim, Aziz Impor Kedelai Konsumsi Kedelai ARDL Import Soybean Soybean Consumption F10 Q17 C13 C46 Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi impor kedelai Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berbentuk time series, diolah dan dianalisis dengan metode estimasi dan kointegrasi Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi impor kedelai Indonesia dalam jangka pendek adalah impor kedelai sebelumnya, harga kedelai USA, harga minyak kedelai Argentina, dan nilai tukar Rupiah. Dalam jangka panjang faktor yang berpengaruh adalah harga minyak kedelai Argentina, PDB Indonesia, dan nilai tukar Rupiah. Kajian ini merekomendasikan bahwa mekanisme pengamanan stok kedelai maupun minyak kedelai bermanfaat untuk menjaga ketersediaan pangan dalam negeri. Peran aktif pemerintah dalam mengamankan stok kedelai nasional serta pengumpulan data-data tentang impor kedelai merupakan tuntutan yang mendesak. Untuk menjaga kestabilan harga dan pasokan kedelai dalam negeri perlu ada upaya untuk mendiversifikasi negara asal impor. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that affect Indonesia’s imports of soybean. The study utilized time series secondary data and Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) cointegration analysis. The results reveal that in the short run Indonesia’s import of soybean are influenced by Indonesia's soybean imports in the previous year, price of USA’s soybean, Argentina’s soybean oil price, and the Rupiah exchange rate. In the long run Indonesia’s imports of soybean are influenced by Argentina’s soybean oil, Indonesia GDP, and the Rupiah exchange rate. This study recommends that mechanism to maintain soybean stocks demanded is useful for food security.Therefore Government role is important in providing the accurate data on soybean stock, and diversification of the country of origin is crucial to maintain price stability and supply continuity in the country Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/90 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.90 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 117-138 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 117-138 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/90/56 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/91 2019-10-26T12:02:19Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS MANFAAT SKEMA SUBSIDI RESI GUDANG TERHADAP PETANI DAN INDUSTRI KAKAO Hasni, . Biji Kakao Pendanaan Petani Bahan Baku Industri Pengolahan Kakao Skema Subsidi Resi Gudang Cocoa Bean Farmer’s Financial Raw Material Cocoa Processed Industry Scheme of Warehouse Receipt Subsidy C61 C63 C88 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manfaat yang diperoleh petani dan industri pengolahan kakao nasional, jika memanfaatkan skema Sistem Resi Gudang (SRG) yang diberikan oleh pemerintah. Pada skema SRG, pemerintah memberikan subsidi bunga yang akan meringankan beban petani dan menghilangkan ketergantungan petani terhadap pinjaman tengkulak. Skema SRG yang diusulkan terbukti dapat mengatasi permasalahan pendanaan petani kakao dan permasalahan bahan baku industri pengolahan kakao. Analisis menunjukkan bahwa proporsi penyerapan bahan baku yaitu biji kakao fermentasi lokal oleh industri kakao nasional, dengan menggunakan skema SRG meningkat dari 35,3% menjadi 72,4% sedangkan impor biji kakao turun dari 64,7% menjadi 27,6%. Petani memperoleh peningkatan nilai manfaat 229,8% dibanding dengan kondisi sebelum SRG, sedangkan total nilai manfaat pada sistem kakao nasional dengan penggunaan skema SRG mengalami peningkatan 19,5%. This research aims to analyze the benefits of the scheme of warehouse receipt subsidy for both local cocoa farmers and cocoa processed industries. In the scheme government would give an interest subsidy which could help ease the burden of the cocoa farmers and reduce their dependency on money lenders. The result of the proposed model for the scheme could overcome the financial problems of farmer and raw material problem for the cocoa processed industries. Using the scheme, the proportion of the local fermented cocoa bean as a raw material increases from 35,3% to 72,4%, while the import of cocoa bean falls from 64,7% to 27,6%. The farmers could get an increase in the benefit value as large as 229,8% of the value without the scheme while the total benefit value for national cocoa system increases by 19,5%. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/91 10.30908/bilp.v8i1.91 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 1 (2014); 139-161 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 1 (2014); 139-161 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/91/57 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/93 2019-10-26T11:59:14Z bilp:ART

KUALITAS LAYANAN SISTEM PERIJINAN PERDAGANGAN ONLINE INATRADE DI KEMENTERIAN PERDAGANGAN Ismail, Asmirawati Sistem Informasi Service Quality Quality Function Deployment Pelayanan Perdagangan Trade Public Service L88 L87 L86 Proses pelayanan yang berkualitas, transparan dan cepat merupakan nilai penting yang diharapkan oleh pelaku-pelaku ekonomi termasuk eksportir dan importir. Sistem perijinan perdagangan online INATRADE Kementerian Perdagangan perlu melakukan peningkatan . Dalam menggunakan sistem INATRADE, eksportir dan importir mengharapkan mendapatkan pelayanan yang cepat dan transparan karena mempengaruhi waktu proses dan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan pada aktivitas perdagangan. Penelitian ini menilai kualitas pelayanan  sistem perijinan perdagangan online INATRADE dengan menggunakan metode Service Quality, dan perbaikan apa yang perlu dilakukan pada sistem INATRADE dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan kepada eksportir dan importir berdasarkan tingkat kepuasan pengguna jasa dengan menggunakan metode Quality Function Deployment. Pengguna sistem perijinan perdagangan online INATRADE tidak puas dengan layanan yang diberikan sehingga diperlukan perbaikan atau peningkatan kualitas pada sistem INATRADE online. Kementerian Perdagangan mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan service level arragement sebagai janji layanan yang sudah ditetapkan pada Permendag No. 28/M-DAG/6/2013 karena sampai saat ini belum terlaksana 100%, peningkatan kemampuan Sumber Daya Manusia terutama dalam memberikan solusi terkait dengan kebijakan yang berlaku, serta pengaplikasian dan pengesahan dokumen secara digital. Penerapan digitalisasi dokumen dan pengesahan secara digital, memerlukan koordinasi dengan Kementerian terkait yaitu Kementerian Informasi dan Informatika, dan  Kementerian Keuangan terutama Bea dan Cukai. The quality of process services, transparent, and fast are important value which expected by economics including exporters and importers. Online service trade licencing system INATRADE Ministry of Trade needs to increase. Transparent processing and fast service is considered to be the key by exporters and importers because its effected to whole trade activities. This study assessess the quality of online service trading system INATRADE using Service Quality method, and using using Quality Function Deployment to indicating the need for improving technical factors of the INATRADE. It finds that INATRADE users are not satisfied with the service, then the system need to improve to reach the quality of service. The Ministry of Trade has to implementation the service level arrangement which is the target level set by Permendag No.28 / M-DAG / 6/2013. It needs to upgrade human resources capability, especially in solving technical problems, and implementing document verification with digital system to save time, cost, and manpower. With respect to digitalization, the Ministry of Trade needs to coordinate closely with the Ministry of Information Technology and the Ministry of Finance, especially Customs Office. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/93 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.93 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 269-290 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 269-290 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/93/58 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/94 2019-10-26T11:58:36Z bilp:ART

EVALUASI PERATURAN MENTERI PERDAGANGAN NOMOR: 44/M-DAG/PER/9/2009 TENTANG PENGADAAN, DISTRIBUSI, DAN PENGAWASAN BAHAN BERBAHAYA Mahatama, Erizal Wicaksena, Bagus Bahan Berbahaya Permendag Nomor 44/M-DAG/PER/9/2009 Regulatory Impact Assesment Hazardous Materials D18 D40 H75 Dalam rangka melindungi hak-hak konsumen dari penyalahgunaan yang dilakukan produsen, importir, distributor dan setiap pihak yang berada dalam jalur perdagangan barang atau jasa, pemerintah menetapkan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor: 44/M-DAG/PER/9/2009 tentang Pengadaan, Distribusi, dan Pengawasan Bahan Berbahaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan sekaligus mengevaluasi Permendag tersebut. Dengan menggunakan metode Regulatory Impact Assesment (RIA), hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Permendag tersebut belum komprehensif dan implementasinya belum efektif. Beberapa ketentuan dalam Permendag tersebut menunjukkan kontradiksi yang menimbulkan ketidakjelasan seperti pengaturan penunjukan Pengecer Terdaftar B2 (PT-B2) yang seharusnya hanya dapat ditunjuk oleh Distributor Terdaftar B2 (DT-B2) namun dapat juga ditunjuk oleh Importir Terdaftar B2 (IT-B2) atau Produsen B2 (P-B2). Ketidakjelasan yang lain adalah aturan terkait Produsen (P-B2) yang dapat mengimpor B2, sementara dalam peraturan ini diatur bahwa P-B2 hanya memproduksi B2 saja. Misuse of hazardous material may risk human health and the environment. In effort to protect consumer from the misconduct behavior of producers, importers, distributors, and other stakeholders along the distribution of goods and services, the Government issued Trade Minister Regulation Number 44/M-DAG/PER/9/2009 regarding Procurement, Distribution, and Surveilance of Hazardous Materials. This study aims to explore and evaluate the implementation of that regulation. Using Regulatory Impact Assesment (RIA) method, the study reveals that the Trade Minister Regulation is neither comphrehensively nor effectively implemented. Further, some clauses are found contradictory and poor clarity such as B2-Registered Retailers (PT-B2) that should be only appointed by the Registered Distributor (DT-B2) but in other article states that it can also be appointed by the Registered Importer (IT-B2) or Manufacturer (P-B2). The other poor clarity rules is on B2-Producers (P-B2) that is allowed to import B2, while other article sets that B2-Producers (P-B2) is only allowed to produce hazardous materials only. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/94 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.94 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 291-314 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 291-314 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/94/59 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/95 2019-10-26T11:57:59Z bilp:ART

EFEKTIVITAS TINDAKAN ANTI DUMPING INDONESIA 1996-2010 Alhayat, Aditya Paramita Anti-Dumping Efek Restriksi Perdagangan Efek Pengalihan Perdagangan Trade Restriction Effect Trade Diversion Effect F10 F13 F14 L13 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari secara empiris dampak tindakan anti-dumping Indonesia terhadap kinerja impor produk terkait pada periode 1996-2010. Dengan menggunakan model regresi Lee, Park, dan Cui yang dikembangkan pada tahun 2013 ,dampak tindakan anti-dumping dapat dibedakan menjadi efek restriksi dan efek pengalihan perdagangan. Hasil empiris menunjukkan bahwa tindakan anti-dumping tidak efektif dalam memberikan efek restriksi perdagangan dari negara yang menjadi target anti-dumping. Bahkan, impor dari negara yang bukan menjadi target anti-dumping meningkat secara definitif pada tahun ditetapkannya anti-dumping. Secara agregat, efek netto restriksi dan pengalihan perdagangan terbukti mampu menekan impor pada periode investigasi anti-dumping, namun pada periode sesudahnya impor kembali meningkat. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah mempertimbangkan instrumen kebijakan tindakan pengamanan perdagangan lain yang dapat menekan impor dengan lebih efektif dan bersifat jangka panjang. This study aims to investigate the effects of Indonesia’s anti-dumping actions on import performance of related products during 1996-2010. Utilizing the Lee, Park, dan Cui regression model developed in 2013, the effects of anti-dumping actions can be distinguished into two effects, namely trade restriction and trade diversion. The study shows that anti-dumping measures are not effective in providing trade restriction effect to the targeted countries. In fact, imports from non-targeted countries definitively increased in the year when anti-dumping measures was being set up. The net effects of anti-dumping action are proven to reduce imports during the investigation period, but imports continued to rise afterwards. The study recommends the government to consider other trade remedies policy which could give significant and long term trade restriction effect. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2014-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/95 10.30908/bilp.v8i2.95 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 8 No. 2 (2014); 247-268 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 8 No 2 (2014); 247-268 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v8i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/95/60 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/96 2019-10-25T09:49:27Z bilp:ART

PENGARUH NILAI TUKAR TERHADAP EKSPOR INDONESIA Ginting, Ari Mulianta Nilai Tukar Kinerja Ekspor ECM Exchange Rate Export Performance F31 F41 C23 Studi ini menganalisis pengaruh nilai tukar Rupiah terhadap kinerja ekspor Indonesia menggunakan data tahun 2005 kuartal I sampai tahun 2012 kuartal III dengan menggunakan Error Correction Model (ECM). Dalam kurun waktu 2005-2012 ekspor Indonesia secara umum menunjukkan perkembangan yang positif walaupun terjadi penurunan pada periode 2008-2009 dan tahun 2012 terutama ke negara-negara tujuan Eropa dan Amerika. Ini menunjukkan bahwa ekspor Indonesia perlu ditujukan ke negara negara yang menjadi target atau sasaran baru. Studi ini menemukan bahwa nilai tukar dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap ekspor Indonesia. Ini menunjukkan pentingnya kebijakan nilai tukar untuk memicu peningkatan ekspor Indonesia. This paper examines the influence of Indonesia’s exchange rate on the performance of Indonesia’s exports using the data from the first quarter of 2005 until the third quarter of 2012 using an Error Correction Model (ECM). During 2005-2012 Indonesia’s exports increased, except in 2008-2009 and 2012 when they declined especially to Europe and America. This suggests that Indonesia’s exports should now be directed at newly targeted countries. This study finds that the appreciation of the exchange rate, in both the long run and the short run, has a significant negative impact on exports. It shows theimportance of exchange rate policy in improving Indonesia’s export performance. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/96 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.96 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 1-18 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 1-18 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/96/61 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/97 2019-10-25T09:56:32Z bilp:ART

ASEAN-CHINA FTA: DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP EKSPOR INDONESIA DAN CINA Setiawan, Sigit Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas Perdagangan Preferensial Penilaian Dampak Ekspor Free Trade Area Preferential Trade Impact Assessment Export F13 F15 F17 Kajian ini merupakan penilaian dampak kesepakatan perdagangan barang ASEAN– China FTA (ACFTA) bagi Indonesia dan Cina. Pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis ekonometrik digunakan untuk menilai pengaruh dari ACFTA terhadap kedua pihak dari sisi kontribusi ekspor dan pertumbuhannya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia belum memanfaatkan secara optimal skema ACFTA sehingga memperoleh manfaat lebih sedikit dibandingkan Cina. Sebagai dampak keikutsertaan dalam ACFTA, ekspor Indonesia ke Cina meningkat sebesar US$ 116 juta per tahun atau 5,83% per tahun. Sementara ekspor Cina ke Indonesia sebesar US$ 5,6 miliar per tahun atau 18,55% per tahun. Untuk itu, Indonesia harus berupaya lebih agresif mengimbangi Cina antara lain melalui kesepakatan bilateral, penguasaan standar nasional Cina, meminimalkan dampak penyesuaian sektoral di lima sektor yang paling terpengaruh dan memanfaatkan secara optimal kebijakan anti dumping. This study acts as an impact assessment on ACFTA Trade in Goods Agreement toward two countries: Indonesia and China. A quantitative approach of econometric analysis is employed to assess the effect of ACFTA to the two countries from two sides: export contribution and its growth. The result shows that Indonesia has enjoyed less benefits than China from the ACFTA preferential tariff. Joining ACFTA Indonesia performed an increase in export to China by US$ 116 million per year or 5.83% increase per annum. Meanwhile, China’s export to Indonesia amounted to US$ 5.6 billion per year or increase 18.55% per annum. It is suggested that Indonesia should work more aggressively to balance the ACFTA benefit such as through bilateral agreement, China national standard acquisition, minimizing sectoral adjustment impact in the five most affected sectors, and optimizing anti-dumping policy. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/97 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.97 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 129-150 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 129-150 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/97/62 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/98 2019-10-25T09:49:57Z bilp:ART

IMPLIKASI PERJANJIAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN PRODUK TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI INDONESIA Ningsih, Rahayu Liberalisasi Information Technology Agreement (ITA) Produk IT Liberalisation IT Product F13 F43 F53 Information Technology Agreement (ITA) merupakan perjanjian liberalisasi atas produk Information Technology (IT) yang telah ditandatangani oleh 29 ekonomi pada tahun 1996 yang bertujuan untuk mendorong keberlanjutan pengembangan teknologi dan industri informasi teknologi di berbagai negara. Dalam perkembangannya, Amerika Serikat dan Uni Eropa mengusulkan adanya perluasan liberalisasi produk IT (ITA Tahap 2). Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengevaluasi kinerja produk IT Indonesia dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa neraca perdagangan produk IT Indonesia terus mengalami defisit. Oleh karena itu, usulan perluasan cakupan produk IT yang akan diliberalisasikan perlu dipertimbangkan kembali mengingat kinerja industri IT yang tercakup dalam ITA Tahap 1 belum menunjukkan kinerja sebagaimana yang diharapkan. Signed by 29 economies in 1996, the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) liberalizes trade in Information Technology (IT) products promoting sustainable development of the technology and the information technology industries in various countries. The United States and the European Union now propose to extend the agreement to cover more IT products (ITA stage 2). The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the performance of Indonesia’s IT sector. We show that Indonesia’s IT product trade balance continues to be in deficit. Therefore, Indonesia should reconsider joining ITA stage 2 as the performance of the Indonesian IT industry covered by the ITA stage 1 has not been as strong as hoped. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/98 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.98 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 19-36 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 19-36 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/98/63 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/99 2019-10-25T09:50:26Z bilp:ART

DAYA SAING, KINERJA PERDAGANGAN, DAN DAMPAK LIBERALISASI PRODUK KEHUTANAN Lubis, Adrian Dampak Liberalisasi Daya Saing Kinerja Perdagangan Competitiveness Trade Performance Liberalization Impact F13 F17 F18 Produk kehutanan Indonesia telah diliberalisasi sejak tahun 2007, namun kinerja perdagangannya belum membaik. Hal ini terlihat dari 127 pos tarif produk yang dibina Kementerian Kehutanan, hanya 34 pos tarif yang mengalami surplus perdagangan, 62 pos tarif mengalami defisit. Sebanyak 13 pos tarif dari 62 pos tarif yang defisit merupakan bahan baku yang banyak digunakan oleh industri kehutanan nasional. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Indeks Intra-Industry Trade dan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan, serta hasil simulasi yang menggunakan GTAP GMig2, produk kehutanan yang memiliki daya saing tinggi adalah Pulp of Wood, jauh diatas daya saing produk Paper and Paper Board serta Woods and Article of Wood. Keterbatasan bahan baku menjadi penyebab utama gagalnya Indonesia untuk memanfaatkan liberalisasi perdagangan. Sebanyak 34 pos tarif yang surplus semenjak liberalisasi sebaiknya tetap diliberalisasi dan dijadikan produk ekspor utama. Adapun 13 pos tarif yang menjadi bahan baku utama industri nasional, meskipun mengalami defisit, sebaiknya tetap diliberalisasi. Sebanyak 49 pos tarif yang defisit dan tidak menjadi bahan baku utama sebaiknya diberlakukan trade remedies dan dijadikan produk sensitif. Since 2007 the forestry product has been liberalized, but its trading performance has not improved yet. From 127 product tariff lines fostered by the Ministry of Forestry, there are only 34 lines which gained trade surplus and 62 lines which experienced trade deficit. Out of 62 products tariff lines which experienced trade deficit, 13 products are raw materials which are widely used by forest industry. Based on the Intra-Industry Trade and Trade Specialization Indexes, as well as simulation results using the GTAP GMig 2, forestry product with high competitiveness is Pulp of Wood, far above the competitiveness of Paper and Paper Board and Woods and Articles of Wood. The limited availability of raw materials is the main cause of Indonesia’s failure to take advantage of trade liberalization. The 34 product tariff lines which experienced surpluses should remain liberalized and become the main export products. Although experiencing deficits, the 13 product tariff lines which are the main raw materials for the industrial sector should be continually liberalized, while the remaining 49 product tariff lines which are not key raw materials should be provided with trade remedies and they should be considered as sensitive products. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/99 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.99 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 37-54 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 37-54 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/99/64 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/100 2019-10-25T09:50:58Z bilp:ART

DAYA SAING DAN SALURAN PEMASARAN RUMPUT LAUT: KASUS KABUPATEN JENEPONTO, SULAWESI SELATAN Mahatama, Erizal Farid, Miftah Rumput laut Daya Saing Efisiensi Pemasaran Seaweed Competitiveness Efficiency Marketing O13 Q22 Q28 Dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat di daerah tertinggal, pemerintah menetapkan pengembangan komoditas rumput laut sebagai salah satu pintu masuk pembangunan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis daya saing dan efisiensi pemasaran produk budidaya rumput laut Kabupaten Jeneponto. Daya saing budidaya rumput laut diukur dengan menggunakan metode Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) dan efisiensi pemasaran rumput laut diukur dengan menggunakan indeks efisiensi teknis dan ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha budidaya rumput laut memiliki daya saing, namun kebijakan pemerintah saat ini masih bersifat disinsentif terhadap pengembangannya. Petani umumnya tidak memperoleh subsidi input dan fasilitas proteksi dari pemerintah. Bahkan petani harus mengeluarkan biaya produksi yang lebih besar dari yang seharusnya. Saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien baik secara teknis maupun ekonomis adalah dari petani ke pedagang pengumpul ke eksportir. The government is promoting seaweed cultivation as a means to improve the welfare of poorer regions. This study examines (a) the competitiveness of seaweed cultivation and (b) the technical and economic efficiency of seaweed marketing in Jeneponto Regency as representative of development backward region. The competitiveness of seaweed cultivation was estimated using a Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The efficiency of seaweed marketing was estimated using a technical and economic efficiency index. This study shows that seaweed cultivation is competitive but is undermined by government policy. Farmers generally do not receive input subsidies or protection from government facilities and actually pay more than necessary for some inputs. The most efficient marketing channels both technically and economically is from farmers to merchant collectors to exporters. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/100 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.100 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 55-72 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 55-72 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/100/65 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/101 2019-10-25T09:51:40Z bilp:ART

DAYA SAING TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA LOKAL DI PASAR DALAM NEGERI Nur, Yudha Hadian Apriana, Devi Tembakau Virginia Lokal Daya Saing Competitive Position Analysis Pasar Domestik Local Virginia Tobacco Competitiveness Domestic Market L66 Q12 Q18 Sebagai bahan baku utama industri rokok Indonesia terutama untuk pembuatan rokok sigaret putih, tembakau Virginia lokal belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan industri rokok dalam negeri. Studi ini mengkaji kemampuan daya saing tembakau Virginia lokal di pasar domestik dibandingkan dengan tembakau Virginia impor dengan menggunakan Competitive Position Analysis (CPA) yang menitikberatkan kepada cost based dan quality based competitiveness. Data yang dianalisa didasarkan kepada data tembakau Virginia yang diproduksi di Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) dan Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). Daya saing tembakau ditentukan oleh harga yang kompetitif, kualitas, rasa, dan pasokan yang stabil dan berkesinambungan. Ternyata harga jual tembakau Virginia lokal kurang kompetitif. Dari sisi kualitas, tembakau lokal mempunyai kualitas yang relatif rendah karena diferensiasi, varietas, dan rasa yang lebih terbatas. Secara umum, posisi daya saing tembakau Virginia lokal di pasar dalam negeri masih kalah dengan produk sejenis dari impor. Budidaya yang efektif dan efisien dengan bimbingan teknis dan tersedianya varietas unggul yang beragam harus diupayakan untuk meningkatkan daya saingnya di pasar domestik. Local Virginia tobacco is the main material for the production of white cigarretes in Indonesia, but local supply is unable to meet increasing domestic demand. This paper studies the competitiveness of local Virginia tobacco in the domestic market compared to imported products by applying Competitive Position Analysis (CPA). CPA analyzes both quality and cost based competitiveness. The data used in this study are from field research in Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) and Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). This study finds that the factors affecting the competitiveness of local tobacco are price, quality, taste, and stable and continue supply. The price of local Virginia tobacco is less competitive and the quality is low due to limited products and variety and poor taste. Therefore, the competitive position of local Virginia tobacco is low. To improve the competitivenes of Indonesian tobacco, the government should provide farmers with extension services on effective and efficient farming techniques and promote the availability of better varieties of tobacco seeds. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/101 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.101 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 73-90 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 73-90 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/101/66 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/102 2019-10-25T09:52:16Z bilp:ART

PENERAPAN STANDAR EKSPOR GURITA DAN IKAN TERI PERUSAHAAN PERIKANAN DI KENDARI1 Listiani, Nurlia Standar Perikanan Gurita IkanTeri PVS Standardization Fisheries Octopus Anchovy N5 Q22 Q27 Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji penerapan standar yang dilakukan oleh para pelaku usaha perikanan baik pemerintah ataupun pengusaha khususnya gurita dan ikan teri di kota Kendari. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan model Performance, Vision, dan Strategy (PVS) dan Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT). Data berasal dari observasi langsung dan wawancara mendalam menggunakan kuesioner yang disesuaikan dengan CODEX Alimentarius. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa, pertama secara teknis perusahaan wajib menerapkan Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) untuk menjamin keamanan produk dan memenuhi standar lain yang diminta oleh importir. Kedua, koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat, daerah dan swasta terjalin cukup baik. Ketiga, pihak perusahaan pengolahan ikan relatif sudah cukup dapat memenuhi standar yang diminta oleh pasar tujuan ekspor, meskipun dari sisi kemudahan untuk melakukan ekspor langsung dari Kendari masih terbatas. Keempat, dari sisi SDM di beberapa sampel perusahaan pengolahan ikan di Kendari sudah cukup baik karena adanya pelatihan terkait dengan standar yang dimiliki perusahaan, tapi dari sisi SDM laboratorium penguji milik Pemda masih relatif kurang. This paper analyzes the implementation of fisheries standards for octopus and anchovy in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi by the government and the private sector. It uses qualitative and quantitative analysis based on Performance, Vision, and Strategy (PVS) and Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT) analyses. The study uses data from observations and in-depth interviews using questionnaires based on CODEX Alimentarius to evaluate applied standards and their implementation. This study finds that companies are capable of implementing Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) to ensure the safety of the product as well as other standards required by importers. Fisheries companies in Kendari generally have capable human resources for implementing standards because they have employee training and development programs. On the other hand, despite good coordination among the central and regional governments and the private sector, the only regional laboratory with the competence to test food has problems. Nevertheless, fisheries companies’ are generally able to meet the standards required by the export market. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/102 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.102 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 91-110 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 91-110 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/102/67 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/103 2019-10-25T09:52:57Z bilp:ART

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUSEN MIE INSTAN DALAM PENERAPAN STANDAR NASIONAL INDONESIA Haryotejo, Bagas SNI Sukarela Mie Instan Penerapan SNI Brand Image Voluntary SNI Instant Noodles SNI Implementation A1 D01 L51 Saat ini terdapat beberapa produk pangan konsumsi yang beredar di pasaran yang belum diwajibkan menerapkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), diantaranya produk mie instan. Studi ini mengkaji berbagai pertimbangan pelaku usaha makanan mie instan dalam penerapan SNI sukarela dan persepsi pelaku usaha terhadap penerapan SNI yang dimaksud. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan model Decision Matrix Analysis (DMA) dan analisis cost and benefit. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ini, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perusahaan menerapkan SNI secara sukarela adalah pemahaman pelaku usaha terhadap materi SNI dan kemampuan lembaga penunjangnya, yaitu lembaga sertifikasi produk, supervisi dan pengawas mutu. Analisis cost and benefit atas persepsi perusahaan menunjukkan bahwa “image” menjadi pertimbangan yang dianggap sebagai benefit bagi perusahaan dalam menerapkan SNI. Sedangkan pertimbangan yang dianggap sebagai cost dalam penerapan SNI secara sukarela adalah biaya pembuatan dan peralatan instalasi laboratorium penguji mutu yang tersertifikasi. Dalam rangka mendukung penerapan SNI diperlukan sosialisasi dan pendampingan terhadap pelaku usaha, insentif pengadaan sarana dan prasarana laboratorium, serta pemangkasan waktu proses pengurusan SNI. Currently a number of consumer food products in the market, such as instant noodles, are not required to meet Indonesian National Standards (SNI). This study analyses what drives instant noodle manufacturers to voluntarily apply SNI and the perceptions of instant noodle manufacturers in implementing the SNI using Decision Matrix Analysis (DMA) and Cost and Benefit Analysis. This study finds that key factors in a manufacturer’s decision to voluntarily implement the SNI are whether it understands the SNI documentation and the capability of the supporting organizations such as product certification and supervision and oversight bodies. Using cost and benefit analysis this study finds that companies believe that they benefit from an improved “image” if they implement SNI. The biggest cost in voluntarily implementing the SNI is in establishing a certified testing laboratory. In order to support the implementation of the SNI, socialization and assistance to manufacturers should be conducted, incentives should be provided for the establishment of laboratory infrastructure, and the process to obtain an SNI certificate should be streamlined. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/103 10.30908/bilp.v7i1.103 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013); 111-127 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 1 (2013); 111-127 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/103/68 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/104 2020-02-19T11:27:49Z bilp:ART

KINERJA EKSPOR MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT INDONESIA Ermawati, Tuti Saptia, Yeni Daya Saing Kinerja Ekspor Crude Palm Oil Palm Kernel Oil Competitiveness Performance Export Kajian ini menganalisis kinerja ekspor Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dan Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) Indonesia diantara negara-negara produsen kelapa sawit, dan kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO Indonesia ke beberapa negara tujuan ekspor utama. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah indeks Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) dan Constant Market Share (CMS). Berdasarkan hasil analisis RCA menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO Indonesia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan Malaysia dan Thailand, tetapi sama dengan Colombia. Sementara hasil dari analisis CMS, kinerja ekspor CPO dan PKO cenderung menurun dibandingkan dengan pertumbuhan ekspor seluruh produk dunia. Disamping itu, parameter dari efek komposisi produk, efek distribusi pasar maupun efek daya saing, masih banyak yang bernilai negatif. Beberapa hal yang perlu dilakukan oleh pemerintah dalam meningkatkan daya saing dan kinerja ekspor baik CPO maupun PKO adalah kebijakan yang mendukung pengembangan ekspor CPO maupun PKO dengan mempertimbangkan daya saing hilirisasi industri sawit, peningkatan kualitas CPO dan PKO yang sesuai dengan standar negara yang menjadi tujuan ekspor.   The study analyzes the export performance of Indonesia’s Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) among palm oil producers and the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports in some major importing countries. The analytical methods used in this study are are Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS) indices. Based on RCA analysis, the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports are lower than those of Malaysia and Thailand, but it is still similar to to Colombia. Meanwhile, the CMS analysis shows that the performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports tend to decrease compared to export growth of all the world products. In spite of these performances, the parameters from the effect of product composition, market distribution and competitiveness are still negative. Several ways that the government should perform to increase the competitiveness and performance of Indonesia’s CPO and PKO exports are supporting policy to the development of CPO and PKO exports by considering the competitiveness of downstreaming palm oil industries, and improving the quality of them in compliance with the standard applied by the export destination countries. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/104 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.104 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); 129-148 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 2 (2013); 129-148 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/104/69 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/111 2019-10-25T09:37:36Z bilp:ART

THE IMPACTS OF FINAL DEMAND OF INDONESIA’S EXPORTED PRODUCTS ON DOMESTIC INCOME AND EMPLOYMENT Alhayat, Aditya P Nilai Tambah Rantai Nilai Global Tabel Input-Output Dunia Value Added Global Value Chain World Input-Output Table F10 C67 R15 Statistik perdagangan internasional dapat menyebabkan interpretasi yang kurang lengkap tentang pentingnya perdagangan internasional, terkait dengan sistem pencatatannya dan semakin meningkatnya globalisasi proses produksi barang. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi sejauh mana perekonomian Indonesia bergantung pada permintaan akhir di suatu pasar ekspor tertentu dan dampaknya terhadap penciptaan pendapatan dan lapangan kerja ketika terjadi fragmentasi produksi global. Analisis ini menggunakan pendekatan global value chain dan Tabel Input-Output Dunia. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah dan lapangan kerja sebagai akibat dari pemenuhan permintaan akhir di negara maju lebih tinggi daripada yang dihasilkan dari pemenuhan permintaan akhir di negara berkembang. Peningkatan integrasi produksi di wilayah yang sama (Asia Timur atau ASEAN) dapat menjadi strategi yang efektif untuk mempengaruhi peningkatan pendapatan dan kesempatan kerja di Indonesia secara langsung dan tidak langsung.The conventional trade statistics may lead to an incomplete interpretation on the importance of international trade, due to its recording system and the increasing globalization of production process. The global value chain approach and the World Input Output Table were employed. This paper aims to estimate the extent to which Indonesia’s economy relies on the final demand of the particular export market in term of generating incomes and employment when the fragmentation of global production exists. The results show that value added and employments induced by final demand in advanced economies are higher than those generated by final demand in developing economies. Enhancing production integration within the same region (East Asia or ASEAN) can be an effective strategy to induce higher Indonesia’s income and employment directly and indirectly. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/111 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.111 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); 149-170 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 2 (2013); 149-170 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/111/71 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/112 2019-10-25T09:38:07Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK PENURUNAN EKSPOR TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA Wibowo, Tri Dampak Ekspor Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Pergeseran Tenaga Kerja Impact of Exports Employment Absorption Employment Shift F16 J21 P23 Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak penurunan ekspor terhadap penyerapan tenaga kerja dengan menggunakan analisis multiplier tenaga kerja dari tabel input-output. Hasil analisis secara sektoral menunjukkan bahwa pada saat terjadi penurunan ekspor di sektor industri sebesar 4,9% dan sektor pertambangan sebesar 9,6% akan berdampak terhadap hilangnya kesempatan kerja, meskipun terjadi kenaikan ekspor di sektor pertanian sebesar 8%. Pangsa kesempatan kerja di sektor pertanian pada periode 2006–2008 sebesar 41,2%, mengalami penurunan menjadi 38% pada periode 2009–2011. Kondisi ini mengindikasikan bahwa telah terjadi pergeseran tenaga kerja sektor pertanian ke non pertanian, khususnya industri dan jasa. Peningkatan teknologi di sektor pertanian akan meningkatkan produktivitas, daya tarik sektor tersebut, dan mengurangi tingginya migrasi tenaga kerja sektor pertanian ke sektor lain. This article aims to figure out the impact of decreasing export against employment opportunity by using labor multiplier analysis from input-output table. Sectoral analysis shows that decreasing export in industrial sector creates a large loss of employment opportunities not only in the respective sector, but also in other sectors such as agriculture and trade. From the period of 2011 to 2012, an 8% decreased in agricultural exports together with a 9.6% and a 4.9% decreased in mining and industrial sectors respectively, created unemployment. Labor market share in agricultural sector in the period of 2006-2008 was 41.2% and then it decreased to 38% in the period of 2009 - 2011. This indicates that there was a shift of labor from agricultural to non-agricultural sectors, especially industry and services. The advancement of technology in agricultural sector could increase the productivity, attractiveness, and reduce the shift of workers from agricultural sector to the others. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/112 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.112 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); 171-192 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 2 (2013); 171-192 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/112/72 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/113 2019-10-25T09:38:45Z bilp:ART

IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM RESI GUDANG (SRG) PADA KOMODITI JAGUNG: STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN TUBAN, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR Listiani, Nurlia Haryotejo, Bagas Sistem Resi Gudang Jagung Decision Matrix Analysis Value Tree Objective Warehouse Receipt System Corn Q1 Q14 Q18 Studi ini bertujuan mengkaji berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi petani dalam memanfaatkan Sistem Resi Gudang dan menganalisis manfaat penerapan SRG di Kabupaten Tuban. Metode yang digunakan adalah model Decision Matrix Analysis dan Metode Value Tree Objective. Hasil analisis DMA menunjukkan bahwa faktor utama pemanfaatan SRG adalah ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana gudang. Manfaat terbesar yang diperoleh petani adalah keuntungan dari adanya selisih harga jual saat panen dengan paska panen. Namun demikian, belum semua petani bersedia menggunakan SRG. Oleh karena itu, penerapan SRG perlu (1) sosialisasi, edukasi, dan succes story agar dapat diikuti oleh para petani; (2) lembaga seperti koperasi untuk menampung hasil panen; (3) dryer khusus untuk komoditas jagung. This study aims to examine the various factors influencing the farmers in using the warehouse receipt system and to analyze the benefits and costs in applying SRG for corn in Tuban, East Java province. Decision Matrix Analysis model is used to analyze the main factors that control farmers to use the warehouse receipt system, while Value Tree Objective is used to analyze the benefit and cost from using the warehouse receipt system. Based on the DMA model, the main factor influencing the farmers in using the warehouse system is the availability of facilities and infrastructures that support the warehouse. The biggest benefit from using warehouse receipt system is a gain coming from the price difference between sale during harvest time and post harvest. However, there are still many farmers who are reluctant to use the system. In order to encourage farmers, the implementation of SRG needs (1) socialization, education, and presenting success story; (2) the establishment of an institution like cooperative to load the harvest; (3) provision of special drier for corn. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/113 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.113 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); 193-212 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 2 (2013); 193-212 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/113/73 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/114 2019-10-25T09:39:18Z bilp:ART

FASILITAS BEBAS BEA MASUK BAGI LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DAN MANFAATNYA BAGI INDONESIA Lubis, Adrian Bebas Bea Masuk Least Developed Countries Akses Bahan Baku Manfaat Duty Free Access for Raw Material Benefits F1 F13 F17 Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji manfaat pemberian fasilitas bebas bea masuk bagi negara penerima yang dikelompokkan ke dalam LDC dan manfaatnya bagi Indonesia sebagai negara pemberi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan, Indeks Intra Industry Trade, Uji Beda dan Model Keseimbangan Umum GTAP. Hasil analisis yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa fasilitas bantuan akses pasar tersebut tidak merugikan industri nasional dan merupakan sumber alternatif untuk memperoleh bahan baku. Hal tersebut akan semakin kuat jika Indonesia memanfaatkan fleksibilitas sebagai negara berkembang yang tidak diwajibkan untuk menghapus bea masuk seluruh pos tarif yang dikenakan kepada negara-negara LDC. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya fasilitasi tersebut harus diikuti dengan pemberlakuan surat keterangan asal yang ketat untuk meminimalkan kemungkinan penyelundupan dari negara bukan anggota LDC. This study is conducted to investigate the benefits of the duty-free facility for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) as receivers and the benefits for Indonesia as a donor. The methods of analysis used in this study are Trade Specialization Index, Index of Intra Industry Trade, Differential Test and General Equilibrium Model of GTAP. The study found that the duty-free facility is not detrimental to the national industry and as an alternative source of obtaining raw materials. It will be stronger if Indonesia utilizing the flexibility as developing country with no obligation to remove all import duties charged to LDC countries. However, in practice, such kind of facilitation should be followed by the application of strict certificate of origin to minimize the possibility of smuggling from countries other than the members of the LDC. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/114 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.114 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); 213-230 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 2 (2013); 213-230 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/114/74 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/115 2019-10-25T09:40:01Z bilp:ART

PENGARUH VARIABEL EKONOMI DAN NON EKONOMI TERHADAP IMPOR INDONESIA DARI ASEAN+6 MELALUI MODA TRANSPORTASI LAUT Ayuwangi, Astari Widyastutik, . Impor Moda Transportasi GDP Kualitas Pelabuhan Stabilitas Politik Import Transportation Mode Quality of Sea Port Political Stability F02 F12 F13 F14 F15 Selama periode tahun 2007-2011 impor Indonesia dari negara-negara ASEAN+6 didominasi oleh impor bahan baku dan bahan penolong. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dominannya impor Indonesia yang dimaksud, khususnya impor Indonesia yang diangkut melalui moda transportasi laut, merupakan tema utama tulisan ini. Variabel-variabel yang digunakan dalam analisis dengan menggunakan model gravity meliputi variabel ekonomi, yakni GDP per kapita ASEAN+6, GDP per kapita Indonesia, jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, dan variabel non-ekonomi, yakni kualitas pelabuhan, stabilitas politik dan efektivitas pemerintahan Indonesia. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan pendekatan gravity model menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang secara signifikan berpengaruh positif pada impor Indonesia adalah GDP per kapita Indonesia dan kualitas pelabuhan Indonesia. Sedangkan variabel jarak ekonomi, nilai tukar riil, stabilitas politik dan efektivitas pemerintahan Indonesia secara signifikan berpengaruhnegatif. During 2007-2011, the Indonesia’s imports from the ASEAN+6 countries were dominated by the raw materials. The factors that influence volumes of the Indonesia’s imports, expecially which transported by sea transport mode, become the main topic of this research. The variables of the gravity model used in this research are economic variables, i.e. per capita GDP of ASEAN+6, Indonesia’s per capita GDP, economic distance, and real exchange rate, as well as non-economic variables such as Indonesia’s quality of sea port, political stability and government effectiveness. Estimation using the gravity model shows that the variables of Indonesia’s per capita GDP and Indonesia’s quality of sea ports significantly have positive influence on Indonesia’s imports, while the variables of economic distance, real exchange rate, political stability and government effectiveness significantly have negative influence.  Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2013-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/115 10.30908/bilp.v7i2.115 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 7 No. 2 (2013); 231-248 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 7 No 2 (2013); 231-248 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v7i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/115/75 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/117 2019-10-25T10:12:56Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS DAYA SAING DAN KESIAPAN INDONESIA DALAM RANGKA INTEGRASI ASEAN : STUDI KASUS AUTOMOTIVES, RUBBER BASED, DAN AGRO BASED PRODUCTS Lubis, Adrian D. IIt Revealed comparative Advantage Bilateral Liberalisasi F12 F13 F15 In AseAN economic community-Aec by 2015, Indonesia is predicted still left behind in competitiveness from other AseAN countries, particularly singapore, malaysia and thailand. Based on the AseAN trade data base, Indonesia has only 2 sector industry which have competitiveness from the 12 priority sector in Aec’s blue print. this paper aims, firstly, to analyse the impact of integration among AseAN countries on the performance of industrial linkages automotives, rubber based, agro based products in Indonesia. secondly, to determine the impact of liberalization among AseAN countries on a map of the competitiveness of automotives industry, rubber based, agro based products in Indonesia, thirdly, to know how the readiness the trade facilitation in sectors priority of automotives, rubber based and agro based products, and finally to determine the policy formulation of the priority sector in the preparation of the implementation of the Aec. the result suggest that almost of 3 industries, Indonesia is with low level IIt and competitiveness (RcAB). moreover, Indonesia still attracts FdI in order to increase the performance of IIt dan RcAB. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/117 10.30908/bilp.v5i1.117 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011); 1-21 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 1 (2011); 1-21 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/117/77 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/118 2019-10-25T09:57:19Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS STRUKTUR, PERILAKU DAN KINERJA PERUSAHAAN ELEKTRONIK SETELAH PELAKSANAAN LIBERALISASI ACFTA Lubis, Adrian D Asmara, Alla Industri Elektronika Liberalisasi ISP IIT SCP Electronic Industry Liberalization F12 F13 Studi ini mengkaji kondisi riil industri elektronik nasional setelah pelaksanaan liberalisasi perdagangan ASEAN China Free Trade Agreement (AFCTA) dengan menggunakan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan (ISP), Intra Industry Trade (IIT) dan struktur, perilaku dan kinerja industri eletronik. Hasil analisis mengindikasikan bahwa liberalisasi menyebabkan penurunan kinerja industri elektronik akibat ketergantungan pada bahan baku impor, keterbatasan infrastruktur, industri penunjang, tenaga kerja terlatih, serta biaya listrik tinggi. Namun, liberalisasi meningkatkan akses bahan baku murah, tehnologi baru, efisiensi perusahaan dan kemampuan desain sebagai penunjang daya saing. Oleh karena itu, direkomendasikan pengembangan industri hulu, penyediaan sumber energi murah, perlindungan hak cipta, serta pemberlakuan trade remedies untuk meningkatkan kinerja industri elektronik nasional. This study is about the analysis on actual condition for the Indonesian electronic industry after the implementation of the ASEAN China Free Trade Agreement (AFCTA) using Trade Specialization Index and Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP). The study found that Indonesia’s trade performance has become less competitive. This condition occured due to the lack of national competitiveness subject to high dependency on imported raw materials, supporting industry, expensive electricity and skilled labors. However, liberalization has been increasing Indonesia’s access to cheap raw material, new technology, efficiency, and design capability. This study reccomends that in order to to increase domestic electronic industry performance, Indonesia has to build supporting industry, cheap electricity, enforcement of copyright, and trade remedies application to increase domestic electronic industry performance. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/118 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.118 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 151-168 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 151-168 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/118/78 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/119 2019-10-25T10:13:26Z bilp:ART

PERANAN SEKTOR BAJA DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA Hasni, . Manulang, Hiras steel industry consumption O14 L61 this study investigates the role of steel industri on Indonesia’s economy through its linkages with other sectors. It also discusses industrial strategies to develop steel industry and trade. By using ackward and forward linkages methods, drawn from an input-output table, the importance of iron and steel industry for other sectors of the Indonesian national industry is clear. moreover, investment in various sectors, the price of steel, and the exchange rate affect the existence and growth of the steel industry. macroeconomy indicators, such as the consumption of cement, car and retail sales, as well as the performance of the construction sector also give important contributions to the growth of the iron and steel industry sector. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/119 10.30908/bilp.v5i1.119 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011); 22-46 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 1 (2011); 22-46 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/119/79 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/120 2019-10-25T10:15:44Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS FLUKTUASI EKSPOR BEBERAPA PRODUK PERTANIAN INDONESIA DI NEGARA MITRA UTAMA Lubis, Adrian D. seasonality safeguard developing country F17 Trade Forecasting and Simulation developing countries ha ve built special safeguard mechanism (ssm) proposal in order to protect their agricultural products. By using seasoality method test, mann-Kendall test, and control chart, the study found out that export pattern of Indonesia’s agricultural products is not in line with the existing ssm proposal. the agricultural products of coffee and tea showed significant seasonal pattern of export to India’s market. other agricultural products of cacao and its processed products also presented significant seasonal pattern of export to malaysia, singapore and china . Meanwhile, vegetable oil and fats did not show significant seasonal pattern of export to importing countries. on the ssm proposal, Indonesia should promote the minimum level of 19.92 persen, which is higher than developing countries proposal of maximum 10%. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/120 10.30908/bilp.v5i1.120 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011); 47-62 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 1 (2011); 47-62 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/120/80 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/121 2019-10-25T10:16:45Z bilp:ART

PENGARUH KEBIJAKAN TARIF IMPOR GULA TERHADAP INTEGRASI PASAR GULA DOMESTIK DAN DUNIA Subekti, Nugroho Ari Carolina, Anita cvecm Impulse Response Function variance decomposition F15 this paper aims to analyze the sugar domestic market integration with the world sugar market, and the influence of sugar impor tariff policy towards integration of the domestic and world sugar market. We observe variables namely domestic price sugar (gKP), world raw sugar price (RAW), world white sugar price (ReFINed), import tariff raw sugar (tAXRAW), dan import tariff white sugar (tAXReFINed) during period of 1998.1 - 2010.12. To find the integration of all variables, we use Johansen Cointegration test, Vector Error Correction Model approach that provide us two quantitative measurements, (i) impulse response function; (ii) variance decomposition. this research concludes that all variables have an integration. sugar import tariff imposed by the government were influenced by market integration. The result of impulse response function shows that every variables has response to shock from other variables and the result of variance decomposition. In general, it can be stated that each variable can explain to each other in case of a shock to one variable, but the portion of the explanation of each variable is still dominated by itself. In order to improve the performance of the domestic sugar market, we proposed the following policy recommendations: 1) Increase the number of Listed Importer (It) to reduce the high market concentration; 2) Apply hedging mechanism by using forwards or futures contracts instrument with the longer maturities; 3) encourage revitalization of domestic sugar industry, because the tariff will soon be eliminated in 2015 (AseAN market integration) and 2020 (global market integration). Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/121 10.30908/bilp.v5i1.121 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011); 84-104 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 1 (2011); 84-104 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/121/81 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/122 2019-10-25T10:17:12Z bilp:ART

EKSPOR KOMODITI DASAR PADAT KARYA INDONESIA, 2000-2009 Asra, Abuzar daya saing kinerja komoditi padat karya during 2000-2009, Indonesia’s export of labor intensive primary commodities grew faster than the growth of Indonesia’s total export, indicating its increasing role in Indonesia’s trade. Most of this export went to three countries: Japan, America and Singapore (JAS). The available information shows that the share of Indonesia’s labor intensive primary commodities in the JAS’ import of these commodities increased during 2000-2009, while the share of Indonesia’s export to JAS’ total import remained the same. It shows that the level of market penetration of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS was higher than that of all commodities. This study uses the constant market share (cms) Analysis to evaluate the performance of Indonesia’s export of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS during the 2000’s. CMS analysis finds that during the 2000’s, with the exception of 2000-2003, Indonesia’s total export and export of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS rose in line with the increase in world’s export to these three countries. on the whole, except for 2006-2009, the export performance of Indonesia’s labor intensive primary commodities to JAS was better than the performance of Indonesia’s total export to JAS. This is due to the positive effect of both commodity composition and competitiveness during 2000-2003 and 2003-2006. For 2006-2009, the performance of Indonesia’s export of labor intensive primary commodities to JAS, relative to the world’s export of the same commodities to JAS, was discouraging, due to a significantly negative commodity composition effect. As export of these commodities, especially to JAS, is important, viewed from both employment creation and foreign exchange generation, it is then necessary to find ways to improve its performance. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/122 10.30908/bilp.v5i1.122 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011); 105-121 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 1 (2011); 105-121 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/122/82 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/123 2019-10-25T10:09:33Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK LIBERALISASI PERDAGANGAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN TERHADAP MAKRO DAN SEKTORAL EKONOMI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN MODEL EKONOMI KESEIMBANGAN UMUM Kasan, . Trade liberalization general equilibrium agriculture sector F15 F17 Recently, trade liberalization issue particularly in agriculture sector has become the main issue in Doha Development Agenda-wTO. Trade liberalization in agriculture sector affected trade flow of primary agriculture products in global market particularly from developing countries to developed countries. This study analyzes the impact of trade liberalization in agriculture sector on macro and economic sectors of Indonesia, using general equilibrium economic model approach by employing gTAp model. It uses the data from the GTAP Version7. The main results show that trade liberalization in agriculture sector benefited developed countries such as the united states of America, Rusia, and european union. On the other hand, some developing countries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Indonesia were negatively affected. furthermore, trade liberalization in agriculture sector reduced output of agriculture sector in Indonesia. nevertheless, the output of manufacturing sector increased because of reallocation of input factor from agriculture to manufacturing. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/123 10.30908/bilp.v5i2.123 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2011); 123-147 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 2 (2011); 123-147 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/123/83 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/124 2019-10-25T10:10:04Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK LIBERALISASI WTO TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN BERAS DAN GULA Lubis, Adrian D. Arianti, Reni K. Revealed Comparative Advantage Bilateral Liberalisasi F12 F13 F15 This paper goals are to study impact of trade liberalization and Indonesia capability to maintain national food security for rice and sugar. This study that uses multiregression analysis with dummy variabels and GTAP found that import of rice and sugar increase due are to lack of capability to fulfill national consumption. Therefore, Indonesia must increase its rice and sugar productivity to fulfill national food security in liberalization regime. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/124 10.30908/bilp.v5i2.124 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2011); 148-163 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 2 (2011); 148-163 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/124/84 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/127 2019-10-25T10:11:09Z bilp:ART

PENERAPAN PRINSIP TANGGUNG JAWAB MUTLAK (STRICT LIABILITY) DALAM RANGKA PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN Nur, Yudha Hadian Prabowo, Dwi Wahyuniarti strict liability consumer protection K13 Indonesia’s population is about 235 million in 2010, which becomes a potential market for producers. However, these situations become a problem because of the low education and other social economic problems which cause exploitation on consumer. Although the Law no 8, year of 1999 on consumer protection was launched by the government, the law enforcement on consumer protection is still in question. One of the alternative solutions that can be raised is the regulation of the amendment of consumer protection law by adding the principles of strict liability. It should also include the design for the area of business to be enforced, including the producers who become the subject of the provision. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/127 10.30908/bilp.v5i2.127 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2011); 177-195 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 2 (2011); 177-195 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/127/85 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/128 2019-10-25T10:11:36Z bilp:ART

PENGEMBANGAN SUSU SEGAR DALAM NEGERI UNTUK PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN SUSU NASIONAL Farid, Miftah Sukesi, Heny fresh milk consumption milk development policy Q18 Milk is one of the important foods for fulfilling nutrition needs. There is a wide gap between milk production and consumption. In 2002-2007, fresh milk production only grew by 2 percent; but the consumption rose by 14percent. This paper uses a descriptive analysis to explain policy and program needed by the government to develop a milk development plan. In addition, it provides material for improving coordination among government institutions. On farm level, farmers need technical assistant through government programs and Corporate social Responsibility (CSR), facilitation grass fields, and import facilitation of cows. On marketing level, government plays a very important role in creating a captive market for spreading domestic fresh milk market, evaluating the possibility of milk processing industry to be obliged to purchase domestic fresh milk, improving capital access, and improving mutual cooperation among farmers, and among milk processing firms. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/128 10.30908/bilp.v5i2.128 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2011); 196-221 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 2 (2011); 196-221 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/128/86 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/129 2019-10-25T10:12:05Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK PENERAPAN H.R.4380, DALAM THE U.S. MANUFACTURING ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2010 BAGI INDONESIA Salam, Aziza Rahmaniar Indonesia Trade Performance Tarif Reduction F13 This study aims at reviewing the Indonesia trade performance on several products included in the list of the new Act, the u.s manufacturing enhancement Act of 2010. Using secondary data collected from The Central Board of Statistics and the World bank, it was found that Indonesia has benefits from the tariff reduction facility under the US Manufacturing Enhancement Act of 2011. The benefit is in increasing non-oil product exports to US. Also,it is shown that there is an increasing Indonesia’s shares in US market especially for products with tariff heading 2934.99, 3808.93, 3907.99, 3917.40, 4016,99 and 4202.92 Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/129 10.30908/bilp.v5i2.129 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2011); 222-229 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 2 (2011); 222-229 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/129/87 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/130 2019-10-25T09:58:01Z bilp:ART

FLUKTUASI HARGA BAHAN PANGAN POKOK (BAPOK) DAN DAYA BELI KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT BERPENDAPATAN RENDAH Resnia, Ranni Harga Pangan Daya Beli Kelompok Berpendapatan Rendah Food Price Welfare Fixed and Low-Income Group D60 I31 J30 Harga bahan pangan pokok cenderung meningkat selama 3 tahun terakhir dan diprediksi akan terus naik. Harga tersebut naik 5-12% per tahun selama tahun 1999-2011. Harga beras, gula dan daging ayam juga cukup berfluktuasi dengan Koefisien Keragaman masingmasing sebesar 13,7%, 10,0% dan 9,1%. Hasil analisis paritas impor juga menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan harga eceran domestik untuk beras dan tepung terigu dengan paritas impornya adalah 20,0% dan 59,4 %. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa konsumen tidak menerima harga yang seharusnya yang mungkin disebabkan oleh tidak efisiennya proses produksi dan distribusi serta struktur pasar yang kurang kompetitif. Namun demikian, kenaikan harga-harga tersebut tidak dapat dikompensasikan secara proporsional oleh kenaikan pendapatan beberapa kelompok masyarakat. Oleh karena itu analisis ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran pengaruh dinamika harga bahan pangan pokok terhadap daya beli masyarakat berpendapatan rendah dengan metode rasio dan indeks. Hasil analisis menunjukkan khususnya pada krisis pangan tahun 2009, daya beli mereka turun 1–5%. Selama periode tersebut, daya beli buruh tani dan bangunan masing-masing turun 5% dan 3%. Bahkan, sejak tahun 2005 daya beli buruh manufaktur sudah mengalami penurunan. Prices of staple  foods  have been increasing for last three years and estimated to continue to rise. The prices have grown 5-12% annually during the period of 1999-2011. In particular, prices of rice, sugar and chicken meat were also considerably fluctuated with Coefficient of Variation (CV) of 13.7%, 10,0% and 9.1%, respectively. Additionally, import parity analysis shows that discrepancies between domestic retail price of rice and wheat flour and their import parity reached 20,0%  and 59.4%, respectively. This indicates that consumers receive higher prices than they should have due to inefficiency in production process, distribution and less competitive market structure. Nonetheless, the price hikes are not fully compensated by wage increase of low-income groups. In the period of 2009 food crisis, their  purchasing power declined by 1–5%. During the period, purchasing power of labors in agriculture and construction sector was declining by 5% and 3% respectively. Purchasing power of labors in manufacturing sector has even started declining since 2005. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/130 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.130 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 169- 188 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 169- 188 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/130/88 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/131 2019-10-25T09:58:34Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK FLUKTUASI HARGA MINYAK DUNIA TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA Nizar, Muhammad Afdi Efek Permintaan Fluktuasi Harga Minyak Efek Penawaran Nilai Tukar Perdagangan Demand Effect Oil Price Shocks Supply Effect Terms of Trade F41 F47 Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak fluktuasi harga minyak di pasar dunia terhadap perekonomian Indonesia periode tahun 2000–2011. Dengan menggunakan data time series bulanan dan model VAR, studi ini menganalisis dampak fluktuasi harga minyak dunia terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, tingkat inflasi, uang beredar, nilai tukar riil, dan suku bunga. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa fluktuasi harga minyak di pasar dunia: (i) berdampak positif terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi selama 3 bulan (satu kuartal), (ii) mendorong laju inflasi domestik selama satu tahun, (iii) meningkatkan jumlah uang beredar di dalam negeri; penambahan jumlah uang beredar berlangsung selama 5 bulan, (iv) berdampak negatif terhadap nilai tukar riil rupiah selama 10 bulan dan (v) menyebabkan naiknya suku bunga di dalam negeri (efek ini berlangsung selama 10 bulan). Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu menempuh langkah-langkah yang bisa mentransformasikan kebiasaan masyarakat yang semula boros BBM menjadi hemat BBM. Selain itu, dibutuhkan kebijakan yang mendorong pengembangan energi alternatif. This study aims to determine the impact of oil price shocks in the world markets on the economy of Indonesia during 2000–2011. Based on monthly time series data and using VAR model, the study tries to analyze effects of oil price shocks to economic growth, inflation rates, money supply, real exchange rates and interest rates. The results show several conclusions: (i) the oil price shocks in the world market have a positive impact on quarterly economic growth; (ii) it also pushes up the domestic inflation rate for a year; (iii) it increases the domestic money supply which lasts for 5 months; (iv) it negatively affects the real exchange rate of Rupiah for 10 months and (v) it leads to rising domestic interest rates (the effect of oil shocks on interest rates lasted for 10 months). Therefore, government needs to take steps that could transform the people habits of fuel uses from wasteful to the efficient one. In addition, the alternative energy development also needs to  promoted. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/131 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.131 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 189-210 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 189-210 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/131/91 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/132 2019-10-25T09:59:26Z bilp:ART

TINJAUAN TERHADAP PRODUKSI, KONSUMSI, DISTRIBUSI DAN DINAMIKA HARGA CABE DI INDONESIA Farid, Miftah Subekti, Nugroho Ari Cabe Fluktuasi Harga Disparitas Harga antar Daerah Saluran Distribusi Chili Price Fluctuation Spatial Disparity Price Distribution Channel D04 D24 D30 Sampai saat ini belum ada kebijakan tata niaga komoditas cabe sehingga pergerakan harganya sangat ditentukan oleh mekanisme pasar. Sejalan dengan isu tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (I) menggambarkan perkembangan produksi, konsumsi dan distribusi cabe di Indonesia; (II) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat harga dan disparitas harga cabe antar daerah. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan regresi sederhana. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa fluktuasi harga cabe terjadi karena produksi cabe bersifat musiman. Lebih lanjut, harga cabe dapat berfluktuasi karena faktor hujan, biaya produksi dan panjangnya saluran distribusi. Sementara itu, disparitas harga cabe antar daerah terjadi karena pusat produksi cabe terkonsentrasi di Jawa dan kualitas infrastruktur jalan yang kurang memadai. There is no regulated market of chili so that the price movement is basically determined by market mechanisms. In line with this issue, the objectives of this study are: (I) to describe factors that influence the fluctuation price of chili; (II) to describe the factors that influence the spatial price disparity of chili in Indonesia. The methods used are descriptive statistic and simple regression. The result of this study indicates that production seasonality has played an important role on chili price fluctuation. In addition, chili price fluctuation has also affected by rainfall, cost of production and long distribution channel. Meanwhile, spatial price disparity has been attributed to the production concentrated in Java and poor road infrastructure. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/132 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.132 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 211-234 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 211-234 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/132/89 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/133 2019-10-25T10:00:03Z bilp:ART

VARIABILITAS HARGA TELUR AYAM RAS DI INDONESIA Nuryati, Yati Nur, Yudha Hadian Telur Disparitas Fluktuasi Harga Koefisien Keragaman Egg Price Disparity Price Ffluctuation Coefficient of variation D22 E31 Tulisan ini menganalisis fluktuasi dan disparitas harga telur ayam di berbagai wilayah di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data berkala bulanan untuk periode 2008-2011 dan metode statistik deskriptif (koefisien keragaman). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 2008-2011 terdapat kecenderungan penurunan fluktuasi harga telur. Wilayah yang mengalami fluktuasi harga yang tinggi adalah Maluku Utara, Jayapura, Manado dan Bengkulu. Disparitas harga telur ayam antar wilayah relatif tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan disparitas harga daging sapi. Alasan di balik tingginya tingkat disparitas harga telur antar daerah adalah konsentrasi produksi telur di sejumlah daerah tertentu, seperti Blitar, Medan dan Makassar. Selain itu, harga bensin dan rantai pasokan yang panjang juga mempengaruhi tingginya tingkat disparitas harga telur antar daerah. Namun demikian, ada kecenderungan penurunan disparitas harga untuk periode tahun 2008-2011. This study discusses the fluctuation of chicken egg price and price disparity across region in Indonesia. The analysis uses descriptive statistic (coefficient of variation) and monthly time series data for the period of 2008 to 2011. The results of analysis show that there is decreasing trend of price fluctuation over time. The regions that experienced high fluctuation of egg price are North Maluku, Jayapura, Manado and Bengkulu. Furthermore, the price disparity of chicken egg among regions is higher than that of price disparity of beef. The reason behind the high level of egg price disparity among regions is the concentration of egg production in certain areas such as Blitar, Medan and Makassar. In addition, the increasing price of gasoline and the long supply chain also influence the high level of egg price disparity among regions. However, there is a decreasing trend of egg price disparity in the period of 2008-2011 Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/133 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.133 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 235-252 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 235-252 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/133/92 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/134 2019-10-25T10:00:42Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK LIBERALISASI PERDAGANGAN TERHADAP PENYERAPAN TENAGA KERJA INDUSTRI MAKANAN MINUMAN DI INDONESIA Adji, Ardi Marsisno, Waris Nafngiyana, Ulin Industri Makanan dan Minuman Perdagangan Internasional Dampak Tenaga Kerja Food and Beverage Industry International Trade Impact on Labour F160 Industri makanan dan minuman merupakan salah satu sektor utama dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Pada periode tahun 2002 - 2008, industri ini merupakan penyumbang terbesar terhadap pembentukan nilai tambah bruto dan penyerapan tenaga kerja diantara industri berskala menengah dan besar. Namun, tingkat produktivitas dan daya saing industri ini relatif rendah. Dengan menggunakan model regresi data panel ditemukan bahwa pertumbuhan ekspor produk makanan dan minuman memiliki dampak positif pada penyerapan tenaga kerja industri, dan berlaku sebaliknya untuk impor. Variabel lain yang juga memiliki dampak positif pada penyerapan tenaga kerja adalah impor bahan baku dan investasi asing langsung. Food and beverage industry have become one of leading sectors in Indonesian economy. Its gross value added as well as its labour absorbtion had been the largest among other medium and large scale industries during 2002 - 2008. However, the level of productivity and competitiveness of this industry were relatively low. Using a regression model of panel data it was found that export of food and beverage products have a positive impact on labour of the industry. Conversely, import has a negative impact on labour. Other variables that also have positve impacts on labour absorbtion are import of raw materials and foreign direct investment. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/134 10.30908/bilp.v6i2.134 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2012); 253--266 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 2 (2012); 253--266 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/134/90 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/135 2022-10-31T16:06:43Z bilp:ART

DEKOMPOSISI PERTUMBUHAN DAN DIVERSIFIKASI EKSPOR NON MIGAS INDONESIA Alhayat, Aditya Paramitha Diversifikasi Ekspor Marjin Intensif Marjin Ekstensif Export Diversification Intensive Margin Extensive Margin F10 F43 Studi ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui peran komponen pertumbuhan ekspor non migas Indonesia yang pada tahun 2010 mencatatkan pertumbuhan signifikan, sekaligus untuk menganalisis struktur ekspor. Pada dasarnya, studi ini mengikuti kajian yang dilakukan oleh Amiti dan Freud (2007) untuk mengetahui kontribusi produk baru terhadap pertumbuhan ekspor dengan menggunakan dua metode yang saling melengkapi. Metode pertama adalah dekomposisi pertumbuhan ekspor menjadi produk baru, produk menghilang, dan produk bertahan yang menyediakan informasi mengenai besarnya penciptaan dan pengurangan ekspor. Metode kedua adalah Indeks Feenstra atas varietas pertumbuhan ekspor netto yang menyediakan suatu indikasi pentingnya varietas baru dalam perdagangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan ekspor non migas Indonesia lebih ditopang oleh tingginya pertumbuhan ekspor untuk produk-produk yang telah ada sebelumnya (margin intensif) daripada produk-produk baru (margin ekstensif), terutama selama pemulihan ekonomi di tahun 2010. Selain itu, kecilnya pertumbuhan varietas netto menunjukkan kurang berpengaruhnya margin ekstensif pada pertumbuhan ekspor Indonesia. Berdasarkan wilayah, Asia masih menjadi tujuan ekspor utama yang paling tinggi menyumbang margin intensif maupun margin ekstensif. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah diharapkan dapat menjaga stabilitas produk-produk ekspor yang telah ada serta memelihara pasar produk ekspor di kawasan Asia. This study aims to determine the role of export growth components of the Indonesian non oil and gas which experienced significant growth in 2010 as well as to analyze the recent export structure. Basically, the study follows the paper of Amiti and Freud (2007) which examined the contribution of new varieties to export growth using two complementary methods. The first is a decomposition of export growth into new, disappearing, and existing varieties and offers more information on the magnitude of export creation and destruction. The second is the Feenstra Index of net export variety growth which provides an indication of the importance of new varieties in trade. The results of analysis showed that the growth of Indonesian export of non oil and gas was mainly driven by high export growth of existing products (the intensive margin) rather than in new varieties (the extensive margin), particularly during the economic recovery in 2010. In addition, the small net variety growth indicates the less importance of extensive margin on Indonesian export growth. According to the region, Asia is still a major export destination contributing for the highest intensive and extensive margin. Therefore, the government is expected to maintain the sustainability of the existing export products and the Asia market. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/135 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.135 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 1-18 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 1-18 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/135/93 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/136 2022-10-31T16:16:20Z bilp:ART

IJ-EPA DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA - JEPANG Salam, Aziza Rahmaniar Rayadiani, Sefiani Lingga, Immanuel Indonesia-Jepang Perdagangan Bebas Surat Keterangan Asal Indonesia-Japan Free Trade Certificate of Origin F13 F14 Indonesia dan Jepang telah menandatangani perjanjian kerjasama Indonesia Jepang Economic Partnership Agreement (IJ-EPA) pada tahun 2007. Untuk mewujudkan kesepakatan perdagangan bebas tersebut dan untuk menghindari adanya trade diversion sebagai dampak dari tarif preferensi, maka kedua negara mempersyaratkan Surat Keterangan Asal (SKA) untuk mensertifikasi asal barang yang diperdagangkan. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data statistik dan survey diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pemanfaatan SKA Form IJEPA ternyata relatif lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kesepakatan perdagangan bebas lainnya yang telah ditandatangani dan diimpelementasikan di Indonesia. Ketidakoptimalan yang terjadi dikarenakan beberapa faktor antara lain: masih adanya penggunaan Form A dalam ekspor ke Jepang, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang terdapat di berbagai IPSKA, keengganan pencantuman struktur biaya dalam SKA Form IJ-EPA, dan kurangnya sosialisasi mengenai fasilitas IJ-EPA. Dari segi perdagangan bilateral, kesepakatan perdagangan bebas IJ-EPA berdampak pada perubahan pola impor Indonesia dari Jepang dimana terdapat beberapa produk yang mengalami lonjakan, seperti produk Kendaraan Bermotor dan Mesin Disel. Sebaliknya, implementasi IJ-EPA tidak memiliki dampak yang berarti terhadap pola ekspor Indonesia ke Jepang. In 2007 Indonesia and Japan signed a partnership agreement of Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJ-EPA). In order to implement the IJ-EPA and to prevent trade diversion as an impact of tariff preferences, both governments required the Certificate of Origin (COO) scheme. This study elaborates the use of COO-IJ-EPA and the impact of IJ-EPA on bilateral trade performances between the two countries. According to data analysis and survey, it was found that the number of COO-IJ-EPA was the lowest compared to other free trade agreements. The low share of the COO-IJ-EPA was caused by the following factors: the use of Form A as an alternative choice in export activity, inadequate human resources at the institutions issuing COO, reluctance to disclose the production cost structure and the lack of socialization in regards with trade facilitation under IJ-EPA scheme. Bilateral agreement under IJ-EPA has also brought impact to the Indonesia’s import pattern with Japan. After the implementation of the agreement, Indonesia’s import for certain products increased significantly, such as importation of automotive products and diesel machines. On the contrary, the agreement did not have significant impact to Indonesia’s export pattern. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/136 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.136 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 19-36 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 19-36 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/136/94 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/137 2022-10-31T16:08:22Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS FAKTOR DAN PROYEKSI KONSUMSI PANGAN NASIONAL: KASUS PADA KOMODITAS: BERAS, KEDELAI DAN DAGING SAPI Nur, Yudha Hadian Nuryati, Yati Resnia, Ranni Santoso, Ahmad Sigit Bahan Pangan Estimasi Konsumsi Model Ekonometrika Food Product Estimate Consumption Econometric Model Q18 C01 Ketahanan pangan merupakan isu yang selalu menjadi perhatian pemerintah Indonesia. Hal ini terbukti dengan tingginya intensitas kebijakan pada pasar bahan pangan pokok. Studi ini bertujuan: 1) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat konsumsi beras, kedelai dan daging sapi secara nasional; 2) mengestimasi elastisitas permintaan dan penawaran beras, kedelai, dan daging sapi; 3) mengestimasi konsumsi beras, kedelai, dan daging sapi untuk periode 2011 – 2013; 4) merekomendasikan kebijakan terkait produksi dan konsumsi beras, kedelai dan daging sapi. Analisis ini menggunakan metode OLS untuk mengestimasi elastisitas penawaran dan permintaan, serta LA/AIDS model untuk mengestimasi konsumsi komoditi tersebut. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi beras dan kedelai inelastis terhadap harga, sedangkan konsumsi daging sapi elastis terhadap harga daging sapi itu sendiri. Analisis proyeksi konsumsi menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi beras, kedelai dan daging sapi diperkirakan akan meningkat 2,2 %, 0,8%, dan 4% per tahun. Perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya dalam rangka peningkatan produksi, produktivitas dan upaya stabilisasi pasokan dan harga untuk menjamin keterjangkauan konsumsi pangan. Food security has always been an imperative issue for any ruling Indonesian government. Highly-regulated staple foods market indicates their strategic roles in the Indonesian economy. The objectives of this paper are 1) to identify factors affecting the level of national consumption on rice, soybeans and beef; 2) to estimate supply and demand elasticity of rice, soybeans and beef; 3) to project the consumption of rice, soybeans and beef for 20112013; 4) to formulate a policy recommendation to sustain production and consumption of rice, soybeans and beef. This paper uses Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method to estimate supply and demand elasticity and Linear Approximation from Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) method to estimate the consumption of respective food commodities. The result shows that consumption of rice and soybeans are inelastic to their own prices while the consumption of beef is elastic to its own price. Consumption projection of the commodities shows that by 2013, consumption of rice, soybeans and beef will increase annually by 2.2%, 0.8% and 4%, respectively. It is necessary to issue the policies to increase production, productivity, and to have the stability of supply and price of respective commodities. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/137 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.137 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 37-52 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 37-52 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/137/95 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/138 2022-10-31T16:09:09Z bilp:ART

DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN BEA KELUAR TERHADAP EKSPOR DAN INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN KAKAO Syadullah, Makmun Bea Keluar Efektif Kualitas Biji Kakao Export Duties Effective Quality Cocoa Beans H25 Analisis ekspor kakao dan perkembangan industri kakao sebelum dan sesudah diterapkannya pajak ekspor dilakukan dengan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Data yang digunakan dalam analisis adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Dalam rangka mendorong perkembangan industri pengolahan kakao, pada tahun 2010 pemerintah memberlakukan kebijakan pajak ekspor biji kakao. Kebijakan ini bertujuan untuk menghambat ekspor biji kakao dan untuk meningkatkan pasokan biji kakao industri dalam negeri. Data menunjukkan bahwa setelah pemberlakuan bea keluar, ekspor biji kakao mengalami penurunan dan jumlah perusahaan pengolahan kakao mengalami peningkatan. Namun demikian, industri pengolahan kakao belum beroperasi dalam kapasitas penuh. Rendahnya kualitas biji kakao yang diproduksi di Indonesia merupakan faktor utamanya. Untuk itu direkomendasikan agar pendapatan pemerintah dari bea keluar ekspor biji kakao dimanfaatkan kembali untuk pembinaan petani dalam meningkatkan kualitas biji kakao. The study uses a descriptive analysis in comparing cocoa exports and development of the cocoa industry before and after the imposition of export duty. The analysis is based on the secondary data taken from the Central Agency of Statistics.To foster the development of the cocoa processing industry, in 2010 the government has issued a policy to impose export duties on the export of cocoa beans. This policy is aimed to hamper cocoa beans export and to boost cocoa beans supply to domestic industry. The available information shows that after its imposition there has been a decline in cocoa export and an increase the number of cocoa processing companies. However, the cocoa processing industry has not yet operated in its full capacity. This is caused by the low quality of cocoa beans produced in Indonesia. It is then recommended that the government’s revenue from cocoa beans export should be returned back to farmers in improving the quality of cocoa beans. By doing so, the farmer will be compensated by the government in the form of improved and adequate infrastructure in the production center of cocoa beans, as well as provision of higher quality seeds and better counseling. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/138 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.138 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 53-68 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 53-68 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/138/99 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/139 2022-10-31T16:09:43Z bilp:ART

KINERJA DAYA SAING PRODUK PERIKANAN INDONESIA DI PASAR GLOBAL Natalia, Deasi Nurozy, . Perdagangan Internasional Ikan Daya Saing RCA International Trade Fish Competitiveness Revealed Comparative Advantage F10 F14 Di pasar perikanan dunia, Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara eksportir utama. Selama tahun 2005-2009, volume ekspor ikan dan udang dari Indonesia menurun masing-masing sebesar 1,9% dan 3,7% per tahun. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat apakah penurunan tersebut disebabkan oleh daya saing yang rendah atau faktor lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), yang merupakan salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk mengukur keunggulan komparatif komoditas di pasar tertentu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama 2007-2009 ada 46 komoditas perikanan dalam HS 6-digit yang memiliki indeks RCA lebih besar dari satu, yang menunjukkan daya saing kuat di pasar internasional. Beberapa diantaranya bahkan mengalami peningkatan daya saing. Sementara itu, beberapa komoditas memiliki daya saing yang cenderung menurun dan berfluktuasi. Sisanya sekitar 71 komoditas memiliki daya saing lemah (RCA indeks lebih kecil dari satu). Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan daya saing yang ada, perlu beberapa usaha seperti promosi di pasar domestik maupun pasar internasional; meningkatkan kualitas; mendorong dunia perbankan untuk meningkatkan akses ke modal kerja; memperbaiki infrastruktur; menciptakan nilai tambah dalam pengembangan produk; serta mengurangi tarif bahan baku untuk industri pengolahan ikan dalam negeri. In the global fisheries market, Indonesia is one of the main exporters. During 2005-2009, the export volumes of fish and shrimp of Indonesia declined by 1.9% and 3.7% per year respectively. It is necessary to investigate if the unexpected performance was caused by low and decreasing competitiveness or by other factors. This study uses the RCA Method, which is one of the methods that can be used to measure the comparative advantage of a commodity in a particular market. The results indicate that during 2007-2009 there are 46 commodities in the 6-digit HS of fisheries having the RCA index larger than one, showing their strong competitiveness in the international market. Some of them even have an increasing level of competitiveness, while some have a declining competitiveness and other commodities experienced fluctuating RCAs. The remaining 71 commodities experienced weak competitiveness (RCA index smaller than one) during 2007-2009. To improve the existing competitiveness, it is required to increase promotional campaigns, not only in domestic market but also in foreign market, improve the quality, encourage banks to increase access to working capital, improve infrastructure, encourage value-added products development, and reduce tariffs of raw material for the domestic fish processing industry. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/139 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.139 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 69-88 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 69-88 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/139/96 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/140 2022-10-31T16:10:31Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN TARIF IMPOR SERAT KAPAS TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI SERAT KAPAS DI INDONESIA Hermawan, Iwan Serat Kapas Tarif Impor Kesejahteraan Petani Persamaan Simultan Cotton Import Tax Farmer Welfare Simultaneous Equations F13 I31 Q17 Serat kapas sebagai bahan baku utama turut mendorong perkembangan industri TPT, namun hampir seluruhnya justru diimpor. Di sisi lain Indonesia memiliki potensi besar untuk mengembangkan tanaman serat kapas. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, serat kapas merupakan bagian dari sistem industri nasional dan intervensi Pemerintah diharapkan dapat mengamankan penerimaan negara dan meningkatkan kemandirian terhadap serat kapas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan tarif impor terhadap kesejahteraan petani kapas di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data runtut waktu dan pendekatan persamaan simultan yang dikonstruksikan dalam model ekonomi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan (1) kebijakan menaikkan tarif impor serat kapas belum mampu meningkatkan dan mencapai target produksi yang ditetapkan oleh Kementerian Pertanian meskipun kebijakan ini mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani serat kapas di dalam negeri, (2) kombinasi kebijakan tarif impor dengan ekstensifikasi luas lahan tanaman kapas berdampak positif terhadap peningkatan produksi serat kapas di dalam negeri, meskipun memiliki dampak positif yang relatif kecil terhadap kesejahteraan petani dibanding kebijakan lainnya pada masa mendatang. Kombinasi kebijakan ini memiliki arti penting untuk mendorong poduksi serat kapas di dalam negeri, dan (3) tanpa adanya kebijakan tarif impor serat kapas, kenaikan harga dunia serat kapas mampu memberikan dampak positif yang terbesar terhadap kesejahteraan petani serat kapas di dalam negeri. Cotton is a raw material behind the rapidly expanding textile and product textile industry, which most of cotton is imported. On the other side Indonesia’a area is potential for cotton cultivation. Due to that phenomenon, cotton is part of the national industrial system and government intervention is expected to ensure budget revenues and self sufficiency. This research is to analyze the impact of impor tariff policies on cotton farmer welfare. This research uses time series data, with simultaneous model. Based on the results showed that (1) policy of raising import tariff will not increase cotton production yet that set by the Ministry of Agriculture in 2014, although it can still improve cotton farmers welfare, (2) import tariffs policy combination with an area extension of cotton give positive impact on production, despite having positive impact on farmers welfare relatively small compared to other policy in the future. Combination of this policy has significant meaning in order to encourage cotton production in the country, and (3) without any policy of import tariff which followed by incerasing of world price cotton is able to give the higest positive impacts to welfare of cotton farmers. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/140 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.140 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 89-108 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 89-108 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/140/97 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/141 2022-10-31T16:11:22Z bilp:ART

POTENSI PERDAGANGAN DAN INVESTASI SERAT RAYON DI INDONESIA Ningsih, Rahayu Serat Rayon Investasi Tekstil dan Produk Tekstil Rayon Fiber Investment Textile and Textile Product E22 L67 Indonesia masih menghadapi kelangkaan serat rayon sebagai bahan baku industri tekstil meskipun saat ini Indonesia merupakan salah satu produsen utama serat rayon. Kelangkaan serat rayon diperkirakan disebabkan oleh kecenderungan produsen domestik yang mengekspor sehingga pasokan serat rayon untuk pasar domestik menurun. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan perdagangan dan investasi serat rayon di Indonesia. Disimpulkan bahwa permasalahan kelangkaan serat rayon disebabkan oleh masih rendahnya kapasitas produksi industri serat rayon sehingga produksinya belum mampu memasok kebutuhan domestik. Untuk itu diperlukan kebijakan yang lebih kondusif terutama di sektor kehutanan sehingga dapat mendorong pengembangan investasi industri serat rayon di Indonesia. Indonesia has been facing the shortage of rayon fiber eventhough Indonesia is one of main producers. The shortage of rayon fiber is due to the tendency of producers to export rather than supply the domestic markets; so the supply of rayon fiber is then decreased. This study aims to analyze the problems of rayon fiber related to trade and investment policy of rayon industry in Indonesia. It concludes that the scarcity of rayon was caused by the low of production capacity. So, it needs to develop the investment of rayon industry. Meanwhile, there is still a bottleneck problem of investment in rayon industry. Then, the condussive policy especially in forestry sector is necessary to support the development of investment of rayon industry in Indonesia. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2012-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/141 10.30908/bilp.v6i1.141 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 6 No. 1 (2012); 109-127 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 6 No 1 (2012); 109-127 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v6i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/141/98 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/142 2019-10-25T10:16:14Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS STRUKTUR DAN POTENSI PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA-TURKI Alhayat, Aditya Paramitha Komplementaritas Perdagangan Keunggulan Komparatif Potensial Perdagangan F10 F15 F40 since distance is considered as a barrier to trade in the contemporary world, it is perceive that all countries become important markets for exporters. For Indonesia, turkey is considered as high potential market as well as a gateway of trade and investment with its proximity to major markets such as europe, middle east and Caucasus. Therefore, this paper aims to define complementary trade structure, relations, and intensity between Indonesia and Turkey. It also identifies the sectors that have comparative advantage and potential for Indonesian products in the turkish market.this study shows that the level of trade complementarity between Indonesia and turkey are high and there is high intra-industry trade on some products. this is an important indication that stangthening trade relations may have a positive impact for both countries in the future because of mutual cooperation. In addition, indicative potential trade provides additional information about Indonesia’s export products that can be developed further related to a high demand in turkey Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/142 10.30908/bilp.v5i1.142 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 1 (2011); 63-83 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 1 (2011); 63-83 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/142/106 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/143 2019-10-25T10:10:33Z bilp:ART

THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDONESIAN PRODUCT IN TRADE RELATIONSHIP WITH CHINA Fakhrudin, Umar Trade China Competitiveness International Competitiveness Coefficient F10 F14 F17 Hubungan perdagangan Indonesia dan China semakin erat setelah implementasi ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) dimulai pada bulan Juli 2005. Krisis keuangan global dan pertumbuhan ekonomi China yang cukup tinggi merupakan fenomena lain yang berkontribusi pada semakin eratnya hubungan kedua negara. Tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis daya saing produk Indonesia dalam hubungan perdagangan dengan China dengan menggunakan analisis statistik Koefisien Daya Saing Internasional (ICC). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hubungan perdagangan antara Indonesia dan China memberikan daya saing lebih untuk China. Walaupun demikian, ada beberapa produk Indonesia yang memiliki daya saing tinggi dan mengalami peningkatan selama periode tahun 2005 -2009. Produk –produk tersebut antara lain; daging, kakao, karet dan produk karet, bahan anyaman (termasuk rotan dan bambu), tekstil dan garmen, alas kaki, serta bahan tambang seperti besi dan batubara. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2011-12-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/143 10.30908/bilp.v5i2.143 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2011); 164-176 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 5 No 2 (2011); 164-176 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v5i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/143/103 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/144 2019-10-25T10:23:08Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA EKSPOR INDONESIA Lubis, Adrian D. Price and gross domestic product are always use as variables to predict the Indonesian export performance, and it is assumpted that aggragate price and gross domestic product will change 30 to 70 percent it’s performance. This study will build new another assumption to predict the Indonesian export performance. This study use multiregression analysist, and found that Indonesia export tiedly dependent on ten major partners. They are Australia, China, france, germany, Japan, Korea Rep., Malaysia, Thailand, united Kingdom and united States. Indonesia export performance to those partners is influenced by fluctuation of their GDP per capita. This study also found that the Indonesia export performance for agricultural and industrial goods in general depend on fluctuation of comodity price, gdp per capita, and real exchange rate. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/144 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.144 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 1-13 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 1-13 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/144/100 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/145 2019-10-25T10:24:25Z bilp:ART

KAJIAN RANTAI PASOKAN DAN PENGANEKARAGAMAN KONSUMSI PANGAN BERBASIS PRODUK UMBI-UMBIAN : STUDI KASUS JAWA BARAT Sukesi, Heny supply chain cassava sweet potato Supply chain of tubers research in West Java purpose to study accelerating consumption diversification based local content food, especially tubers product. According to industrial cluster and one village one product (OVOP) approach chose 5 regency in West Java as research region. West java has potentially tubers are cassava and sweet potato. The cassava production in West Java annually achieves 2 million tones, whereas its potential production approximaly 4 million tones. The production of sweet potato in West Java achieves 390 thousand tones, whereas its potential production about 700 thousand tones. The cassava production at 5 regency overall more than 1 million tones, whereas its potential production can reach almost 2 million tons a year. The sweet potato production at 5 regency overall is 220 thousand tones, whereas its potential production is 350 thousand tons a year. According to potency of production as mention above, the tuber supply chain in West Java has already builded on traditional chain, either that begin from small farmer (the holder of limited farm) or large farmer/trader which those managed through developing distribution line. It in line with product diversification including tuber flavor and other tuber product. In the future,the tuber product development will give big the market opportunity either for trader/farmer or other related stakeholder. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/145 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.145 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 31-62 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 31-62 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/145/101 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/146 2019-10-25T10:25:05Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS KEPENTINGAN SPECIAL SAFEGUARD MECHANISM INDONESIA DALAM NEGOSIASI PERTANIAN DI WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO) Lubis, Adrian Darmawan Mutakin, Firman Arianti, Reni K. Multilateral liberalization negotiations at the World Trade Organization is currently discussing the issue of protecting domestic producers from import surge through the scheme of Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM). SSM negotiations currently discussing the method of determining the value of SSM trigger. The results of this study found that the three-month Moving Average Method-by not using pro-rating-is the best method of determining SSM trigger value for Indonesia. However, data limitations led Indonesia to only be able to monitor changes in price for 5.67% of total agricultural products are traded. Therefore, it is necessary to establish institutions that are authorized to analyze the impact of changes in prices and imports, where the results will be used as a determinant when the SSM is implemented. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/146 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.146 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 63-74 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 63-74 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/146/102 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/147 2019-10-25T10:26:17Z bilp:ART

KLAUSULA BAKU DALAM BIDANG PERUMAHAN Nur, Yudha Hadian Carolina, Ratna Anita clause standard document house Standard agreement is one of the instruments used in the business that aim to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of transactions conducted between businesses and consumers. But the problem that often occurs is the standard agreement does not reflect a balanced position between businesses and consumers. In line with this problem, this study aims to identify deviations to the provisions of Article 18 of Consumer Protection Law on standard clauses, particularly in the housing sector, and identify consumer understanding of the existence of standard clauses and the impact after the signing the sale purchase agreement (PPJB) of house. This study was conducted in five regions namely Jabodetabek, Bandung, Surabaya, Batam and Makassar. The analytical method used collecting data the depth interviews with stakeholders, analysis of the contents of the PPJB document, and the descriptive analysis of the survey to the consumer respondents. The results of this study show that in general, there are several housing developers who include standard clauses that are prohibited in the PPJB of house and other documents which are an integral part of the PPJB. In addition, the analysis also show that although the consumer has read the PPJB document, the average consumer does not understand the intent of these agreements. This is due to the bonafides developers and confidence to the developers. Based on that problem, it is needed to increased sosialization of the rights and obligations of the consumers and businessmen to create the conducive business climate in the context of consumer protection. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/147 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.147 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 102-123 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 102-123 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/147/104 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/148 2019-10-25T10:27:23Z bilp:ART

KAJIAN PRAKTEK CARA MENJUAL DALAM BISNIS RITEL DAN STRATEGI PENGAWASANNYA Sukesi, Heny Nowadays, retail business in Indonesia shows a rapid development. This condition drives the retail businessmen to undertake various ways to grab the market by conducting selling practices such as giving discount, prize, voucher and promotion..Current selling practices display an indication of deceit and trickery towards consumers. On the other hand, monitoring efforts for consumer protection have not been optimal. This is due to the lack of regulation and technical guidance monitoring handbook. The aim of this article is to know the condition and selling practices in retail business as well as to formulate a monitoring strategy. Juridical normative.Sociological method are use to analyze selling practice and the problems of business retail. The results shows that several countries are more advanced and established in monitoring selling practices and selling practices in Indonesia use many deceitful selling practices.A detailed technical and operational guideline is required to regulate selling practices of retail business. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/148 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.148 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 142-169 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 142-169 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/148/105 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/149 2019-10-25T10:23:40Z bilp:ART

KINERJA PERDAGANGAN SERTA STRATEGI EKSPOR PRODUK-PRODUK PHARMACEUTICAL DAN KOSMETIK BERBASIS HERBAL INDONESIA DI PASAR DUNIA Arianti, Reni K. Hasni, . ekspor herbal pharmaceutical kosmetik Industrial development of herbal medicine, cosmetics and health foods in Indonesia today has grown substantially. utilization of natural resources, especially of medicinal species, will continue, in connection with the Indonesian nation strong linkages to the cultural tradition of using traditional medicine. This trend has extended to the whole world and is known as the “new green wave” or a lifestyle trend “back to nature”. Indonesia as one giant center (mega center) biodiversity, but only about 600 species of plants, 1000 species of animals and 1000 species of microorganism that has been known and utilized by the community potential. Indonesia has a high potential for use as a commercial industry development of herbal medicine, cosmetics and health-oriented food exports. Pharmaceutical and cosmetic products based on herbal Indonesia during the last five years (2003-2007) of each export growth average of 7.1 % and 16.9 % per year. Share growth of Indonesian herbal-based pharmaceutical products in the world market is only 3.9 % per year while the world market demand grew 15.5 % per year, while the share of Indonesian herbal cosmetics in the world market and 13.5% of world market demand grew 13.1 % .The structure of the herbal pharmaceutical products exported Indonesia to the world market has not been in line with the structure of product demand in world markets .Indonesian exports more the form of herbal ingredients than finished products (drug/cosmetics), while the world market demand be seen otherwise. This opens the opportunity for Indonesia to expand its market in the world. To be able to take advantage of existing opportunities, Indonesia needs to have effective strategies, such as Indonesia needs to focus on products that have a cluster “Natural Beauty”, the increase in value added herbal products, switching technology, raw material processing, the application of standard CPOTB with mentoring programs, vertical integration with industry in the importing countries will support the cosmetic raw material export activities, information provision and promotion of sustainable export of herbal products. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/149 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.149 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 14-30 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 14-30 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/149/107 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/150 2019-10-25T10:25:37Z bilp:ART

KAJIAN DAMPAK EKONOMI PEMBENTUKAN KAWASAN EKONOMI KHUSUS Sihaloho, Tumpal Muna, Naufa The purpose of this study was to identify problems in the economic area and to analyze the impact of the establishment of Special economic zones (Sez) on the growth of investment, trade and labor. This study used a qualitative descriptive analysis of the legal and institutional aspects, infrastructure and planning, as well as incentives and financing. This study also used the Incremental Capital Output Ratio analysis (ICOR), Output Ratio Incremental Labour (ILOR) and the Location Quotient (LQ) to 12 (twelve) areas that suggest themselves into KEK: Sumatera Utara, Riau, South Sumatera, Banten, West Java, Central Java, east Java, West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, east Kalimantan, South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi. The results showed that the common problems faced by the economic area is the provision of incentives that are not in accordance with the conditions of the region, and the lack of consistency between the rules that become the foundation and establishment of economic zones and the supporting regulations. from this study it is known that West Java and Banten region has the potential economic impact that relatively better than other regions. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/150 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.150 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 75-101 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 75-101 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/150/108 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/151 2019-10-25T10:19:29Z bilp:ART

EFEKTIFITAS KEBIJAKAN IMPOR PRODUK TERTENTU (PERMENDAG No. 56/M-DAG/PER/12/2008) Hasni, . impor produk tertentu Permendag No. 56/M-DAG/PER/12/2008 Permendag 56/M-DAG/PER/12/2008 published in hopes of reducing illegal imports of products circulating in the regulated import of certain products are footwear, electronics, toys, food and beverages, and textiles. Imports of certain products can only be done by companies that have been designated as a Registered Importer (IT) Certain products and through specific ports set by the government. During the year 2009 the realization of the import of certain products has been decreasing over the last 5 years after its imports keeps rising high between 25% -43% per year, this shows that government policy has been to reduce the import of certain products. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-11-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/151 10.30908/bilp.v4i2.151 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010); 173-193 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 2 (2010); 173-193 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/151/109 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/152 2019-10-25T10:19:59Z bilp:ART

PROSPEK PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA, CINA DAN INDIA MELALUI ANALISA GRAVITY MODEL Bary, Pakasa Asian economics international trade gravity model Global growth has shrunk affected by 2008 global financial crisis, especially contributed by advanced economies that experienced strongest decline. Indeed, it also affected their production and their demand of inputs, and hence decreased exports of countries providing upstream commodities. Meanwhile, China and India record a remarkable growth and only slightly affected by the crisis. Consistently, percentage of Indonesian exports to China and India, especially raw commodities, has been rising since 2008, and likely to increase furthermore in the future. This paper applies simple gravity model to evaluate the sensitivity of productions or income of these three economies on Indonesian exports to China and India. Using various methods and assumptions, estimation results suggest strong sensitivity of importers’ income and production. Indeed, it is likely that Indonesian exports to China and India will increase furthermore and hence boosting Indonesia economic growth along with China and India, making them the next growth triangle in Asia. While China nowadays is the strongest demand source for Indonesian exports, India may be the significant contributor in the near future. Nevertheless, there still must be significant reform in trade barriers and domestic economic strategy to support this potency in globalized world. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-11-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/152 10.30908/bilp.v4i2.152 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010); 194-209 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 2 (2010); 194-209 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/152/110 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/153 2019-10-25T10:21:10Z bilp:ART

POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN PASAR JAMU Wicaksena, Bagus Subekti, Nugroho Ari Indonesia is a biodiversity country with nine thousand herbs which have the potential as raw materials for traditional medicine, popularly known as Jamu. Jamu is a home industrial product that can be beneficial for economy development through job creation, large number of enterprises of about 90% are small industries, and multiplier-effect created for added value product from upstream to downstream industry. This research shows that the declaration of “Jamu Brand Indonesia” has significant role to build public awareness to consume in which some consumers are to reduce consumption. The reasons due to its low standard in which jamu with chemicals contents, as well as its less competitiveness to import and pharmaceutical products.Nonetheless, most respondents’s perceptions like jamu is “product of Indonesia”, the efficacious supplement product, natural-content based product, and affordable price product must be comprehensively managed by inter-relationship among producer, the government, and academician to rise its competitiveness to pharmaceutical products. This research recomends stipulated policy and selected strategy should be aimed in order to reach 4 M Mode;: Modern, Mutu Tinggi (High Quality), Murah (Affordable), and Memasyarakat (Community Oriented). Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-11-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/153 10.30908/bilp.v4i2.153 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010); 210-225 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 2 (2010); 210-225 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/153/111 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/154 2019-10-25T10:21:38Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS KINERJA PERDAGANGAN SEKTOR ELEKTRONIK SEBELUM DAN SETELAH PELAKSANAAN CAFTA Lubis, Adrian D. A lot of worries are emerging regarding to the negative impact of China ASEAN Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) to domestic electronic industry. Yet, this kind of study using Trade Specialization Index, Bilateral Revealed Comparative Advantage and GTAP found that the trade deficit has occurred long before the implementation of CAFTA.Therefore, in order to encourage domestic electronic industry to improving its ability to take advantage of CAFTA implementation, government and private sector has to find win-win solution for producing some policies. These policies include cost production reducing, human source productivity increasing through some useful training and new technology application in producing high value added electronic products. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-11-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/154 10.30908/bilp.v4i2.154 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010); 226-239 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 2 (2010); 226-239 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/154/112 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/155 2019-10-25T10:22:04Z bilp:ART

PEMASARAN PRODUK-PRODUK UKM PIK (PUSAT/PERKAMPUNGAN INDUSTRI KECIL) PULOGADUNG1 Wiranta, Sukarna PIK (small industrial area) SMEs (small medium enterprises) marketing mix Small businesses in Indonesia have a critical role in national economy, judging from the number of companies and workers involved in the business. Based on the data from the Board of Statistics (CBS) in 2006, has shown that small and medium businesses in Indonesia were 48.9 million principal or 99.9 percent of total business. The number of workers involved in small business was recorded about 50 million or 90 percent of the total employed by 2010. This study aims to evaluate the performances of small scale industries in PIK Pulogadung which uses criteria of effectiveness and efficiency of its owners/managers of the company. Based on the study, most of the respondents where classified as the traders (90%), while the crafter is only 5%. Thus, the PIK is likely the market of textiles and products of textiles (TPT), and footwear products. However, the channel distribution mostly directly from producer to consumers, although there were used big retailer network. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-11-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/155 10.30908/bilp.v4i2.155 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010); 240-255 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 2 (2010); 240-255 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/155/113 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/156 2019-10-25T10:22:29Z bilp:ART

FAKTOR PENENTU INSTABILITAS HARGA PRODUK BERBASIS IMPOR (Kedele dan Gula) Nuryati, Yati Nur, Yudha Hadian Prabowo, Dwi Wahyuniarti Price stability of staple food needs is one of the government’s policy priorities in anticipating the negative impact of the global economic crisis. Price instability in the long term could impact on high inflation, falling of purchasing power and political manipulation that would interfere the availability of strategic food products. The high price of staple food needs will certainly disturb the national food security. The aims of ths study is analyzing the factors that influence the instability of soybean and sugar price and determine how domestic patterns of integration and the price mechanism, as well as offering the necessary policy formulation related to the stabilization effort on imported base of staple food needs. Analysis using descriptive qualitative and quantitative dynamic econometric model that is structural vector autoregression (sVAR) and error correction model (ECM) using monthly time series data in 2000-2009. There is a strong integration between the world market commodity prices with price stability of soybean and sugar prices where transmission occurs in about 2-14 months. World price shocks and the impact of imports on price increases and reaches equilibrium at a higher price level. The mechanism of the international market is still strong enough to affect soybean and sugar domestic market. The implication show that price on imported base product such as sugar and soybeans still necessary to be implemented. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-11-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/156 10.30908/bilp.v4i2.156 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 2 (2010); 256-273 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 2 (2010); 256-273 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i2 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/156/114 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/157 2019-10-25T10:26:52Z bilp:ART

ANALISIS PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN INDONESIA DALAM MENINGKATKAN EKSPOR MAKANAN OLAHAN: STUDI KASUS NEGARA TUJUAN EKSPOR VIETNAM Ernawati, . processed food export increasing market opportunity In 2007, the government of Indonesia had a target to increase export of processed food products by 6.6% of 2007’s export value; it is about US$ 148.67 million. Of this value 63.02% (US$93.77 million) was targeted coming from Vietnam’s export. How Indonesia should reach this target?. utilizing the data provided by the Ministry of Trade, International Trade Center (ITC), and World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) the study has tried to answer this question. This study has the objectives: (1) to determine Indonesian opportunity to increase processed food products in Vietnam market by using trade performance indicator, and (2) to determine the comparative advantage of the processed-food products which already identified in the first step using the Revealed Comparative Index (RCA). This study also utilized the primary data collected from the interview.This study concluded that Indonesia still had opportunity to increase exports to Vietnam, particularly on processed food products on which Vietnam does not has competitive advantage. These products included HS 15 (Animal, vegetable fats and oils, cleavage products, etc), 08 (edible fruits, nuts, peel of citrus fruit, melons) , HS 03 (Fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic invertebrates nes), HS 09 (Coffee, tea, maté and Spices), 24 HS (Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes) and HS 21 (Miscellaneous edible preparations). However, this opportunity was even bigger if Indonesia can improve its competitiveness and products value added. It can be done by enhancing the products packaging. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2010-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/157 10.30908/bilp.v4i1.157 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 124-141 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 4 No 1 (2010); 124-141 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v4i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/157/115 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/159 2019-10-25T10:47:49Z bilp:ART

KAJIAN DAMPAK EKONOMI KEBERADAAN HYPERMARKET TERHADAP RITEL/PASAR TRADISIONAL Rahayuningrum, Ninuk Widayanti, Tjahya Modern market traditional market Hypermarket Impact Traditional retail market share tendencies to decline, along with the increasingly growing number of modern retail business and capitalization. Domination of the market amounted to one-third to half of them by modern retail is very prone to bring the potential cost of the economic, social, and political stature. In Indonesia, the market share of traditional markets and business performance declines, while at the same time modern markets has increased. However, quantitatively, not proven the existence of real influence. More traditional markets decline caused by internal factors are real. More traditional markets decline caused by internal factors which resulted in a lack of competitiveness in the field of modern markets, which are related to performance: assets, turnover, turnover of merchandise, and margin rates. The possession of wealth (assets) stagnant. Secondary data analysis suggests that any amount of additional modern market (grocery store) yet are lowering the number of traditional markets (stores or stalls). This shows that the market for modern and traditional markets are equally evolved and are 'complementyary' of each other. Results of the study indicate that the contribution to the GDP of non oil and gas more traditional markets (stores or stalls) compared to modern market (grocery store). However, the opposite happens, the condition that the modern market (supermarket) in the territory of the province, in this case urban, had a greater contribution towards the recipient APBD compared to city or regency. In contrast, the traditional market of non economic advantages from the point of view of macro economic interests, namely the provision of business opportunity selection, provision of employment, output and contributions, although these choices may conflict with the interests of the  local Government to improve the acquisition of PAD. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2008-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/159 10.30908/bilp.v2i1.159 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2008); 3-17 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 2 No 1 (2008); 3-17 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/159/116 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/160 2019-10-25T10:48:26Z bilp:ART

KETERGANTUNGAN BEBERAPA SEKTOR INDUSTRI TERHADAP BAHAN BAKU IMPOR Arianti, Reni Kristina Imported raw material Industry Manufacturing industry sector changes by structural transformation from industry-based on  import substitution to export-oriented industry. Anticipating the rise of imports, especially the increasing of raw material, the Government needs to encourage the growth of the national industry, especially the development of raw material industries in the country as a source of job creation and a source of foreign exchange and national economic value added. This high importation because the resources are not available in this country; a local source of raw materials and quality standards not yet adequate and has not been in accordance with the request of lower domestic industry; when avalaible in this country predicted to be more expensive; hard to get or there is no existence of supply continuity. To find out the level of dependency of  national industry to imported raw material, this research uses regression analysis tool with three equations, those are equations output, equation of value added and income equality. Beside of secondary data analysis, this research also conducted a survey to know the perception of businessmen/exporters which are employers see the import dependence and the possibility of imports substitution, especially imports of raw material with domestic raw materials. Based on the result of analysis, it may be known that the elasticity of the imported raw material is higher than domestic raw material for some sectors such as: footwear sector, electronic chemical sector, also vehicle and its components sector. Some sectors have been rational in using  domestic and imported raw material, that is sector with higher elasticity of  imported raw material than domestic raw material, such as footwear and electronic. But there are some sectors that are not rational in deciding proportion of imported raw material, although elesticity of imported raw materials higher than domestic raw materials, proportion of imported raw material smaller than domestic raw material, such as chemical sector as well as the vehicle and its component sector. Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia 2008-07-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Open Submissions, Peer-Reviewed application/pdf https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/160 10.30908/bilp.v2i1.160 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol. 2 No. 1 (2008); 18-44 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan; Vol 2 No 1 (2008); 18-44 2528-2751 1979-9187 10.30908/bilp.v2i1 eng https://jurnal.kemendag.go.id/index.php/bilp/article/view/160/117 Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan 18270867f7338bd522010c77afb8f2e0