DAYA SAING TEMBAKAU VIRGINIA LOKAL DI PASAR DALAM NEGERI
Abstract Views: 2134 |
PDF
Downloads: 1499
Downloads
Abstract
Sebagai bahan baku utama industri rokok Indonesia terutama untuk pembuatan rokok sigaret putih, tembakau Virginia lokal belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan industri rokok dalam negeri. Studi ini mengkaji kemampuan daya saing tembakau Virginia lokal di pasar domestik dibandingkan dengan tembakau Virginia impor dengan menggunakan Competitive Position Analysis (CPA) yang menitikberatkan kepada cost based dan quality based competitiveness. Data yang dianalisa didasarkan kepada data tembakau Virginia yang diproduksi di Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) dan Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). Daya saing tembakau ditentukan oleh harga yang kompetitif, kualitas, rasa, dan pasokan yang stabil dan berkesinambungan. Ternyata harga jual tembakau Virginia lokal kurang kompetitif. Dari sisi kualitas, tembakau lokal mempunyai kualitas yang relatif rendah karena diferensiasi, varietas, dan rasa yang lebih terbatas. Secara umum, posisi daya saing tembakau Virginia lokal di pasar dalam negeri masih kalah dengan produk sejenis dari impor. Budidaya yang efektif dan efisien dengan bimbingan teknis dan tersedianya varietas unggul yang beragam harus diupayakan untuk meningkatkan daya saingnya di pasar domestik.
Local Virginia tobacco is the main material for the production of white cigarretes in Indonesia, but local supply is unable to meet increasing domestic demand. This paper studies the competitiveness of local Virginia tobacco in the domestic market compared to imported products by applying Competitive Position Analysis (CPA). CPA analyzes both quality and cost based competitiveness. The data used in this study are from field research in Bojonegoro (Jawa Timur) and Lombok Timur (Nusa Tenggara Barat). This study finds that the factors affecting the competitiveness of local tobacco are price, quality, taste, and stable and continue supply. The price of local Virginia tobacco is less competitive and the quality is low due to limited products and variety and poor taste. Therefore, the competitive position of local Virginia tobacco is low. To improve the competitivenes of Indonesian tobacco, the government should provide farmers with extension services on effective and efficient farming techniques and promote the availability of better varieties of tobacco seeds.
References
Dinas Perkebunan Propinsi Jawa Timur. (2011). Produksi Tembakau Virginia Melorot Tajam. Surabaya: Dinas Perkebunan Propinsi Jawa Timur.
Dinas Perhutanan dan Perkebunan Bojonegoro. (2011). Perkembangan Pelaksanaan Pertembakauan Tahun 2007 – 2011 di Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Bojonegoro: Dinas Perhutanan dan Perkebunan Bojonegoro.
Direktorat Jenderal Industri Agro Dan Kimia -Departemen Perindustrian. (2009). Roadmap Industri Pengolahan Tembakau. Diunduh tanggal 28 Februari 2012 dari http://pse.litbang.deptan.go.id/ ind/pdffiles/pros-04_2004.pdf
Drachev, D. and V. Nikolova (2005). Study on Tobacco Quality of Virginia Variety Group Grown in Bulgaria Technological Study on the Quality of Virginia Tobacco Introduced Varieties Grown in The Districts of North Bulgaria (Part II). Biotechnol. & Biotechnol. Eq. 19 (2).
FAO. (2003). Issues in the global tobacco economy: Selected case studies. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Hamidi, H. (2007). Daya Saing Tembakau Virginia Lombok Di Pasar Ekspor. Agroteksos Vol.17 No.2 Agustus 2007.
Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia. (2012). Bunga Rampai Fakta Tembakau dan Permasalahannya di Indonesia Tahun 2012. Jakarta: Tobacco Control Support Center - Ikatan Ahli Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia.
Indonesia Tobacco. (2011). Jatim Revitalisasi Tembakau Virginia. 5 Juni 2011
Investor Daily. (2011). Produktivitas tembakau Virginia di Lombok Meningkat. 11 Oktober 2011.
Isdijoso, S.H et al. (1994). Kiat Meningkatkan Produksi dan Mutu Tembakau Virginia FC Untuk Menekan Impor. Simposium II Hasil Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Industri: Prosiding, Bogor, 21- 23 Nop 1994
Keyser, JC. (2007). Crop Substitution and Alternative Crops for Tobacco. The Ad Hoc Study Group on Alternative Crops - the Conference of the Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, February 2007. Whashington: World Health Organization
Khan, ZH.et al (2008). Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Virginia Tobacco, Nicotiana Tobacum L. As Affected By Different Levels of Fico-Micron And Boron. Sarhad J. Agric. Vol.24, No.2, 2008.
Maryono. (2010). Mengenal Tembakau Virginia. Diakses tanggal 12 Desember 2013 dari http://www.pantambunselatan. com/2012/03/budi-dayatembakau- virginia.html
Nikolova, N; D. Drachev, N. Nikolov. (2004). Investigation on Virginia Tobacco Quality. Biotechnol. & Biotechnol. Eq. 18/2004/3.
Nikolova, V. (2007). Technological Investigation on Virginia Variety Group Tobacco. Message I: Technological Investigation on Virginia Type Tobacco from Different Regions of South Bulgaria. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 13 (2007), 657-671
Reed, TD. et al. (2011). 2012 Flue-Cured Tobacco Production Guide. Virginia State University, Publication 436-048. Virginia: Virginia State University, Publication 436-048.
Suara NTB. (2010). Tembakau Virginia Impor Masih Tinggi, Produksi NTB Diharapkan Jadi Solusi. 21 April 2010
Suwarto dan Y. Octavianty. (2010). Budidaya 12 Tanaman Perkebunan Unggulan. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.
Tirtosastro, S. (2012). Revitalisasi Kemitraan Tembakau Virginia Di Jawa Timur. mimeo.
Wigand, J.S. (2006). Additives, Cigarette Design and Tobacco Product Regulation. A Report to: World Health Organization Tobacco Free Initiative Tobacco Product Regulation Group, Japan. Kobe: Smoke- Fee Kids, Inc.
World Bank - International Trade Department. (2009). Clusters For Competitiveness: A Practical Guide & Policy Implications for Developing Cluster Initiatives. February 2009.Washinton, DC: The World Bank
Copyright (c) 2017 Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
